{"id":28558,"date":"2022-09-08T00:12:45","date_gmt":"2022-09-07T16:12:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=28558"},"modified":"2022-10-18T13:29:13","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T05:29:13","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e5%b0%8b%e6%89%be%e6%bd%9b%e8%97%8f%e5%9c%a8%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0%e9%ab%94%e6%b5%b7%e6%b4%8b%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e7%a7%98%e5%af%b6%ef%bc%9a%e9%9d%9e%e5%85%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/28558\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u5c0b\u627e\u6f5b\u85cf\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u79d8\u5bf6\uff1a\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u86cb\u767d"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u5289\u660e\u5bb9\u535a\u58eb\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u65bc 2020 \u5e74\u900f\u904e\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\u5206\u6790\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5728\u756a\u8304\u8207\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u82a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u8d85\u904e 50% \u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\u5340\u9593\u8d77\u59cb\u65bc\u975e\u5178\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5982\u540c\u52d5\u7269\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u59cb\u65bc\u8207 AUG \u76f8\u5dee\u4e00\u500b\u6838\u9178\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 CUG \u8207 ACG\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u767c\u73fe\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u65bc RNA \u7684\u5404\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff085 \u7aef\u975e\u8f49\u8b6f\u5340\u3001\u8f49\u8b6f\u5340\u30013 \u7aef\u975e\u8f49\u8b6f\u5340\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u8a0a\u606f RNA \u4e0a\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4e0d\u540c\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u8868\u73fe\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u6240\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u690d\u7269\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u5c07\u56b4\u91cd\u5730\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u7522\u91cf\u8207\u8cea\u91cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u5b9a\u7fa9\u51fa\u690d\u7269\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u690d\u7269\u5728\u62b5\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e0a\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u8207\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u4ee5\u300c\u756a\u8304\u9ec3\u5316\u6372\u8449\u75c5\u6bd2\uff08TYLCTHV, genus Begomovirus<\/em>\uff09\u300d\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u70ba\u55ae\u80a1 DNA \u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u5728\u5176 DNA-A \u53ca DNA-B \u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u4e0a\uff0c\u5404\u5177\u6709\u516d\u500b\uff08AV1\u3001AV2\u3001AC1-AC4\uff09\u53ca\u5169\u500b\uff08BV1\u3001BC1\uff09\u539f\u59cb\u5b9a\u7fa9\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u6240\u8f49\u8b6f\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u5728\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u690d\u7269\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u900f\u904e\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u5b9a\u5e8f\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u66f4\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u767c\u73fe\u984d\u5916 17 \u500b\u8d77\u59cb\u65bc AUG \u8207\u975e AUG \u7684\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u767c\u73fe\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc AV2 \u8207 BV1 \u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\uff0c\u5c07\u539f\u59cb\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e4b\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82e5\u5c07\u65b0\u627e\u5230\u7684\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u6703\u6291\u5236 AV2 \u8207 BV1 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5718\u968a\u4e5f\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u8f49\u8b6f\u51fa BV2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8f49\u8b6f\u5340\u9593\u88ab\u96b1\u85cf\u5728 BV1 \u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\u5340\u9593\u5167\uff0c\u5c07\u6b64\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7a81\u8b8a\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u6027\u3002\u57fa\u65bc BV2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u5167\u8cea\u7db2\u8207\u539f\u751f\u8cea\u7d72\uff0c\u800c\u5167\u8cea\u7db2\u8207\u539f\u751f\u8cea\u7d72\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u8907\u88fd\u53ca\u75c5\u6bd2\u7c92\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u50b3\u64ad\u7684\u5fc5\u7d93\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u63a8\u6e2c BV2 \u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u53ef\u80fd\u53c3\u8207\u5728\u9019\u5169\u9805\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u751f\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5e6b\u52a9\u75c5\u6bd2\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d9c\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\u85cf\u5bf6\u5716\u4e5f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u690d\u7269\u8207\u690d\u7269\u75c5\u6bd2\u9019\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u63a2\u7d22\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u690d\u7269\u8207\u690d\u7269\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7686\u5177\u6709\u751f\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u85c9\u6b64\u589e\u52a0\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u8abf\u63a7\u8207\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u7dad\u6301\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u6046\u5b9a\uff0c\u62b5\u6297\u5916\u5728\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u523a\u6fc0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf6\u85cf\u7684\u7531\u4f86?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u524d\u91dd\u5c0d\u8fa8\u8a8d\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8457\u91cd\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 RNA \u5e8f\u5217\u8207\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u8907\u5408\u9ad4\uff08preinitiation complex\uff1bPIC\uff09\u5169\u5927\u4e3b\u8ef8\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\uff09\u3002\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 RNA \u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\uff0cKozak \u535a\u58eb\u63d0\u51fa\u7684 Kozak \u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u524d\u65b9\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u6838\u9178\u662f A \u6216 G\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u65b9\u7b2c\u56db\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f G\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u8207\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7684\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u8f49\u8b6f\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u52d5\u7269\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684 GGGGCC \u91cd\u8907\u6027\u5e8f\u5217\u6703\u9020\u6210\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u76f4\u63a5\u9032\u884c\u8f49\u8b6f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u767c\u73fe\u5176\u8207\u751f\u7269\u9ad4\u795e\u7d93\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u8f03\u70ba\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u6f38\u51cd\u4eba\u75c7\u72c0\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u8907\u5408\u9ad4\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u53c3\u8207\u5728\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7684\u8fa8\u8a8d\u4e0a\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531 eIF4A\u3001eIF4E\u3001eIF4G \u6b21\u55ae\u5143\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684 eIF4F \u8907\u5408\u9ad4\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u7d50\u5408\u5230\u8981\u9032\u884c\u8f49\u8b6f\u7684 RNA \u4e0a\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u62db\u4f86\u7531 eIF1\u3001eIF1A\u3001eIF2\u3001eIF3\u3001eIF5 \u6b21\u55ae\u5143\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u8907\u5408\u9ad4\uff0c\u5728 RNA \u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u6383\u63cf\u8207\u8fa8\u8a8d\u8d77\u59cb\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9032\u884c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\uff08\u5716\u4e8c\uff09\u3002\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u8868\u73fe eIF1 \u6b21\u55ae\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u7531 AUG \u8d77\u59cb\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\u6240\u9032\u884c\u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u8207 eIF2 \u6b21\u55ae\u5143\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684 eIF2A \u8207 eIF2D \u6b21\u55ae\u5143\uff0c\u5247\u53c3\u8207\u5728\u7531\u975e AUG \u8d77\u59cb\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\u6240\u9032\u884c\u7684\u8f49\u8b6f\u4f5c\u7528\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u5c0b\u627e\u6f5b\u85cf\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u9ad4\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u79d8\u5bf6\uff1a\u975e\u5178\u578b\u8f49\u8b6f\u86cb\u767d\"

\u25b2\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a\u8abf\u63a7\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u9ede\u7684\u5169\u5927\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u7279\u5b9a RNA \u5e8f\u5217\u8207\u8f49\u8b6f\u8d77\u59cb\u8907\u5408\u9ad4\u3002<\/p><\/div>\n

\u795e\u79d8\u9762\u7d17\u53ea\u63ed\u958b\u4e86\u4e00\u89d2<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80
\n1.Gao, X., Wan, J., Liu, B., Ma, M., Shen, B., and Qian, S.B. \uff082015\uff09. Quantitative profiling of initiating ribosomes in vivo. Nat Methods 12, 147-153. 10.1038\/nmeth.3208.
\n2. Li, Y.R., and Liu, M.J. \uff082020\uff09. Prevalence of alternative AUG and non-AUG translation initiators and their regulatory effects across plants. Genome Res 30, 1418-1433. 10.1101\/gr.261834.120.
\n3. Chiu, C.W., Li, Y.R., Lin, C.Y., Yeh, H.H., and Liu, M.J. \uff082022\uff09. Translation initiation landscape profiling reveals hidden open-reading frames required for the pathogenesis of tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus. Plant Cell 34, 1804-1821. 10.1093\/plcell\/koac019.
\n4. Kearse, M.G., and Wilusz, J.E. \uff082017\uff09. Non-AUG translation: a new start for protein synthesis in eukaryotes. Genes Dev 31, 1717-1731. 10.1101\/gad.305250.117.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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