{"id":28325,"date":"2022-08-11T00:18:17","date_gmt":"2022-08-10T16:18:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=28325"},"modified":"2022-11-16T14:37:40","modified_gmt":"2022-11-16T06:37:40","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e5%87%ba%e5%8f%a3%e7%ae%a1%e5%88%b6%e8%88%87%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%ef%bc%9a%e5%9c%a8%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e7%9b%b8%e4%ba%92%e4%be%9d%e8%b3%b4%e8%88%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/28325\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u8207\u95dc\u9375\u6280\u8853\uff1a\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b89\u5168\u9593\u64fa\u76ea"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u570b\u969b\u7d93\u6fdf\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e3b\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\u82f1\u7f8e\u5169\u570b\u6240\u4e3b\u5c0e\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u5e03\u840a\u9813\u68ee\u6797\uff08Bretton Woods\uff09\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c31\u570b\u969b\u8cbf\u6613\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u70ba\u95dc\u7a05\u66a8\u8cbf\u6613\u7e3d\u5354\u5b9a\uff08GATT\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5f8c\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8cbf\u6613\u7d44\u7e54\uff08WTO\uff09\u6240\u898f\u7bc4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8c\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u9663\u71df\u8207\u4ee5\u8607\u806f\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u5171\u7522\u9663\u71df\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u52a0\u5287\uff0c\u5171\u7522\u570b\u5bb6\u591a\u6578\uff08\u9664\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u4e4b\u5916\uff09\u4e26\u672a\u52a0\u5165 GATT \u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba GATT \u9ad4\u7cfb\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u70ba\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u570b\u5bb6\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4e14\u7528\u4f86\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u570b\u5bb6\u9593\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u96a8\u8457\u67cf\u6797\u570d\u7246\u5012\u584c\uff0c\u8607\u806f\u89e3\u9ad4\uff0c\u51b7\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u3002\u5df4\u9ece\u5354\u8abf\u7d71\u7c4c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u7d50\u675f\uff0c\u6539\u7531\u8f03\u70ba\u9b06\u6563\u7684\u74e6\u8056\u7d0d\u5354\u5b9a\uff08Wassenaar Arrangement\uff09\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u4e2d\u6771\u6b50\u570b\u5bb6\u958b\u555f\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u8207\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u4e26\u5148\u5f8c\u65bc 2001 \u5e74\u4ee5\u53ca 2012 \u52a0\u5165 WTO\uff0c \u7d93\u6fdf\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u4f86\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5341\u5e74\u904e\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u6a02\u89c0\u60c5\u7dd2\u6025\u8f49\u76f4\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6700\u5927\u53d7\u60e0\u8005\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u56e0\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u958b\u653e\u800c\u8d70\u5411\u653f\u6cbb\u958b\u653e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7d93\u6fdf\u4ea4\u5f80\u653f\u7b56\uff08engagement policy\uff09\u70ba\u4e3b\u8ef8\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c07\u4e2d\u570b\u5e36\u5165\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\u9010\u6f38\u5931\u53bb\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7f8e\u4e2d\u8cbf\u6613\u6230\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u79d1\u6280\u6230\u7684\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u4e0b\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u9707\u64bc\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3002\u539f\u672c\u85c9\u7531\u7d93\u6fdf\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8cf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u653f\u6cbb\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u8ecd\u4e8b\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u88ab\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b89\u5168\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u4e3b\u6d41\u8ad6\u8ff0\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u70ba\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u8207\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u7b49\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u7d93\u6fdf\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8cf4\u9042\u884c\u7d93\u6fdf\u8105\u8feb\uff0c\u5c07\u7d93\u6fdf\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6b66\u5668\u5316\uff08weaponize interdependence\uff09\u30027<\/sup> \u5728\u9019\u500b\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u53ca\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5404\u570b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u800c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5be9\u67e5\uff09\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u7f8e\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u51b7\u6230\u8207\u6614\u65e5\u7684\u7f8e\u8607\u7af6\u722d\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\uff1a\u4eca\u65e5\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u7cfb\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u7f8e\u4e2d\u7d93\u6fdf\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u9060\u8f03\u65bc\u7f8e\u8607\u9593\u9ad8\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u5206\u5de5\u6240\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u5728\u4e00\u5915\u4e4b\u9593\u56e0\u70ba\u7f8e\u4e2d\u9738\u6b0a\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u800c\u85c9\u7531\u6295\u8cc7\u5be9\u67e5\u6216\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u800c\u91cd\u6574\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4ee4\u7f8e\u570b\u8a66\u5716\u5efa\u7acb\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u4e2d\u570b\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u8cf4\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u8def\u8981\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u8207\u6295\u8cc7\u570b\u5b89\u5be9\u67e5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u548c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u76f8\u8f14\u76f8\u6210\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u9805\u91cd\u8981\u7ba1\u5236\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u570b\u5b89\u5be9\u67e5\u3002\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u5728\u65bc\u907f\u514d\u8ca8\u54c1\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u6216\u95dc\u9375\u6280\u8853\u6d41\u51fa\u908a\u754c\u3002\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u570b\u5b89\u5be9\u67e5\u5728\u65bc\u907f\u514d\u5916\u570b\u6216\u5176\u570b\u6c11\u85c9\u7531\u6295\u8cc7\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u672c\u570b\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u6280\u8853\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u8207\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u5728\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u6703\u53d7\u5230 WTO \u9ad4\u7cfb\u6240\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u898f\u7bc4\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u96d9\u908a\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u570b\u5b89\u5be9\u67e5\u901a\u5e38\u7e6b\u8af8\u65bc\u5404\u570b\u7684\u5167\u570b\u898f\u7bc4\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6d89\u53ca\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9858\u5c07\u6b64\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ea4\u7531\u570b\u969b\u88c1\u6c7a\u6a5f\u69cb\u4f86\u5be9\u67e5\u3002\u5728\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5be9\u67e5\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5916\u8cc7\u6295\u8cc7\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08CFIUS\uff09\u4e43\u662f\u6b77\u53f2\u6700\u70ba\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u4e14\u904b\u4f5c\u6700\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u8fd1\u4f86\uff0c\u6b50\u76df\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u5176\u6703\u54e1\u570b\u8fd1\u4f86\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u8a2d\u7acb\u6295\u8cc7\u7684\u570b\u5b89\u5be9\u67e5\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u6211\u570b\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5247\u7531\u7d93\u6fdf\u90e8\u6295\u5be9\u6703\u8ca0\u8cac\uff0c\u60df\u6210\u6548\u4e0d\u5f70\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u5c0d\u5916\u6295\u8cc7\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u8f03\u5c11\u8457\u58a8\u65bc\u5916\u4eba\u4f86\u53f0\u6295\u8cc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u8207\u6b63\u7576\u6027\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

GATT\/WTO \u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e3b\u8981\u70ba\u4e86\u4fc3\u9032\u8cbf\u6613\u81ea\u7531\u5316\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u793e\u6703\u798f\u7949\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8a72\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4ea6\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u5f48\u6027\uff0c\u7d66\u4e88 WTO \u6703\u54e1\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u7acb\u7ba1\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\u5728\u65bc\u8ca8\u54c1\u8cbf\u6613\u7e3d\u5354\u5b9a\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u689d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fb2\u696d\u5354\u5b9a\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u689d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ca8\u54c1\u8cbf\u6613\u7e3d\u5354\u5b9a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u689d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u689d\u7684\u570b\u5b89\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u969c\u570b\u5167\u7ce7\u98df\u4f9b\u61c9\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5fc5\u8981\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u5331\u4e4f\uff0c\u800c\u5be6\u65bd\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u3002\u6216\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u800c\u9032\u884c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7ba1\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u5177\u9ad4\u8981\u4ef6\u6642\uff0c\u5373\u61c9\u8996\u70ba\u5408\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u9055\u53cd WTO \u898f\u7bc4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5408\u6cd5\u4e26\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u570b\u5c0d\u65bc\u8fb2\u7522\u54c1\u3001\u7dad\u751f\u5668\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u4fdd\u8b77\u8a2d\u5099\uff08PPE\uff09\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u75ab\u82d7\u9032\u884c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u6642\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u7ce7\u50f9\u9ad8\u6f32\uff0c\u91ab\u7642\u8a2d\u65bd\u8207\u75ab\u82d7\u5331\u4e4f\u6240\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\uff0c\u591a\u6578\u662f\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u4f4e\u5ea6\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3b\u6b0a\u570b\u5bb6\u56fa\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u63f4\u5f15\u76f8\u95dc\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7ce7\u98df\u6216\u5fc5\u8981\u5546\u54c1\u9032\u884c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u985e\u63aa\u65bd\u53cd\u800c\u60e1\u5316\u4e86\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u4e0d\u6b63\u7fa9\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5728\u65bc\u4e3b\u6b0a\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9818\u8896\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u8ca0\u6709\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\uff1f\u800c\u7576\u6240\u6709\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u7af6\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u7ce7\u98df\u6216\u75ab\u82d7\u9032\u884c\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u89e3\u6c7a\u7ce7\u98df\u5371\u6a5f\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\uff1f 8<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7522\u696d\u767c\u5c55\u8207\u79d1\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u8cac\u4efb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8207\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u95dc\u9023\u7684\u4e43\u662f\u6211\u570b\u7684\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7522\u696d\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0a\u6e38\u79d1\u6280\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u53ef\u85c9\u7531\u5176\u5167\u570b\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u570b\u5ee0\u5546\u4e0d\u5f97\u5c07\u6676\u7247\u51fa\u53e3\u7d66\u7279\u5b9a\u5ee0\u5546\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u88ab\u5217\u70ba\u5be6\u9ad4\u6e05\u55ae\uff08entity list\uff09\u7684\u83ef\u70ba\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u70ba\u70cf\u4fc4\u6230\u722d\u7981\u6b62\u51fa\u53e3\u4e88\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u6d89\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u6cd5\u7684\u57df\u5916\u6548\u529b\uff08extraterritorial effect\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u570b\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u542b\u7f8e\u570b\u6210\u5206\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u6211\u570b\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u5ee0\u5546\u5982\u4f55\u843d\u5be6\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u4e4b\u5167\u63a7\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u95dc\u9375\u6280\u8853\u4e0d\u5916\u6d41\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7dad\u8b77\u516c\u53f8\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u78ba\u4fdd\u570b\u5bb6\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6574\u500b\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7522\u696d\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u5171\u540c\u9762\u5c0d\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u800c\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u96e3\u984c\u662f\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u96c6\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u78ba\u4fdd\u81fa\u7063\u5728\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7522\u696d\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u7b26\u5408\u6574\u9ad4\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u6cd5\u6392\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u5ee0\u5546\u70ba\u4e86\u4e00\u5df1\u4e4b\u79c1\uff0c\u5c07\u6280\u8853\u5916\u6d29\u8207\u4e2d\u570b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u898f\u7bc4\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8207\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u53a5\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5c31\u570b\u5bb6\u5c64\u6b21\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u81fa\u7f8e\u79d1\u6280\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\uff0c\u81fa\u7f8e\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u79d1\u6280\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u81fa\u7063\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u78ba\u4fdd\u95dc\u9375\u79d1\u6280\u4e0d\u6703\u5916\u6d41\u81f3\u4e2d\u570b\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u96c6\u6b0a\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u95dc\u9375\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u626e\u6f14\u5b89\u5168\u95a5\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u800c\u79d1\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\u5728\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u8996\u70ba\u51fa\u53e3 deemed exports\uff09\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ea6\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\u5b78\u8853\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u5747\u8a2d\u6709\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u76f8\u95dc\u6a5f\u69cb\u4ee5\u7dad\u8b77\u6cd5\u9075\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5c0d\u65bc\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u898f\u7bc4\u9700\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u570b\u79d1\u7814\u6a5f\u69cb\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u56e0\u6545\u610f\u6216\u904e\u5931\u5c0e\u81f4\u95dc\u9375\u6280\u8853\u5916\u6d41\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4ed8\u4e4b\u95d5\u5982\u3002<\/p>\n


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    \n
  1. Cherney, M. A. (2022). ‘The US is ready to block China\u2019s access to advanced chip design software,’ Protocol, 2 August, available at https:\/www.protocol.com\/amp\/chip-design-software-export-restrictions-2657796988<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Ministr of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China. (2022). ‘\u5546\u52a1\u90e8\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u5c31\u6682\u505c\u5929\u7136\u7802\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u5730\u533a\u51fa\u53e3\u7b54\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee,’ 3 August, available at http:\/www.mofcom.gov.cn\/article\/syxwfb\/202208\/20220803337886.shtml<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Menon, S. (2022). ‘India wheat export ban: Why it matters to the world,’ BBC, 6 June, available at https:\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-india-61590756<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2020). ‘\u53e3\u7f69\u7981\u6b62\u51fa\u53e3\u5ef6\u81f34\u6708\u5e95,’ 12 February, available at https:\/covid19.mohw.gov.tw\/ch\/cp-4822-53579-205.html<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Schipani, A. & Cameron-Chileshe, J. (2021). ‘India blocks vaccine exports in blow to dozens of nations,’ Financial Times, 25 March, available at https:\/www.ft.com\/content\/5349389c-8313-41e0-9a67-58274e24a019<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. Wu, Chien-Huei (2021). Law and Politics on Export Restrictions: WTO and Beyond<\/em>. Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\n
  7. Henry Farrell, Abraham L. Newman; Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion. International Security 2019; 44 (1): 42\u201379. doi: https:\/doi.org\/10.1162\/isec_a_00351<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  8. Gruszczynski, Lukasz & Wu, Chien-Huei (2021). Between the High Ideals and Reality: Managing COVID-19 Vaccine Nationalism, European Journal of Risk Regulation<\/em>, 1-9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u6280\u65b0\u805e\u7db2\u7ad9 protocol.com \u65bc\u4eca\u5e74 8 \u6708 2 \u65e5\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5546\u52d9\u90e8\u6b63\u8003\u616e\u64f4\u5927\u6676\u7247\u8a2d\u8a08\u8edf\u9ad4\uff08ED […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28401,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[989,983],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28325"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28325"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28325\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28325"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28325"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28325"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}