{"id":26892,"date":"2022-03-10T00:19:17","date_gmt":"2022-03-09T16:19:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=26892"},"modified":"2022-03-11T16:29:53","modified_gmt":"2022-03-11T08:29:53","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e6%b5%81%e6%b2%99%e3%80%81%e5%9c%b0%e9%9c%87%e3%80%81%e5%9c%9f%e7%9f%b3%e3%80%81%e8%88%87%e6%b2%99%e6%bc%8f%e8%a3%a1%e7%9a%84%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%ef%bc%9a%e9%a1%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/26892\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u6d41\u6c99\u3001\u5730\u9707\u3001\u571f\u77f3\u3001\u8207\u6c99\u6f0f\u88e1\u7684\u7269\u7406\uff1a\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\u7684\u300c\u52d5\u975c\u4e4b\u9593\u300d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff08Granular flows\uff09\u5230\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u5efa\u9020\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u3001\u6f22\u4eba\u84cb\u9577\u57ce\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u5efa\u7bc9\u5de5\u5730\u8655\u7406\u7802\u77f3\uff1b\u9084\u6709\u5eda\u623f\u88e1\u6d17\u7c73\u9078\u8c46\u5b50\u3001\u9910\u684c\u4e0a\u52a0\u7cd6\u52a0\u9e7d\u3001\u7cbe\u5bc6\u88fd\u85e5\u5982\u4f55\u5747\u52fb\u652a\u62cc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u706b\u661f\u63a2\u6e2c\u5668\u8457\u9678\u5f8c\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u884c\u9032\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4e00\u76f4\u8655\u65bc\u4e09\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5730\u5e36\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u3001\u56fa\u614b\u7d50\u69cb\u529b\u5b78\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b78\u5404\u6709\u4e0a\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u300c\u975e\u7dda\u6027\u529b\u5b78\u300d\u7684\u71b1\u6f6e\u4e4b\u5f8c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u56f0\u5883\u7576\u7136\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e14\u5149\u662f\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u9677\u5165\u7121\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\uff08\u57161a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u5c40\u5916\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u9580\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u8349\u5275\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u5b78\u554f\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u500b\u4e00\u7aba\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u8a66\u5716\u5316\u7e41\u70ba\u7c21\uff0c\u5728\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u5c0b\u627e\u51fa\u8def\u7684\u5927\u597d\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u5c07\u6c99\u6f0f\uff08hourglass\uff09\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u300c\u7de9\u6162\u300d\u6d41\u52d5\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5c0d\u7167\u8b93\u4eba\u805e\u4e4b\u8272\u8b8a\u3001\u300c\u5feb\u901f\u300d\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u6d41\u6c99\uff08quicksand\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u8f15\u6613\u63d0\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u6191\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300c\u5feb\uff0f\u6162\u300d\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5225\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff1a\u9593\u6b47\u6d41\uff08intermittent flows\uff09\uff0c\u77ac\u9593\u7206\u767c\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u9020\u6210\u6975\u5927\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u2500\u2500\u5728\u571f\u77f3\u6d41\u53ca\u5730\u9707\u6642\u6709\u6240\u805e\u7684\u81fa\u7063\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u77ad\u89e3\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\u6216\u56fa\u9ad4\uff0c\u82e5\u8aaa\u4ecd\u7136\u675f\u624b\u7121\u7b56\u4e26\u4e0d\u70ba\u904e\uff08\u57161b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f55\u8b02\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d\uff1f\u300c\u4e3b\u89d2\u300d\u662f\u8ab0\uff1f\u2500\u2500\u7d14\u7cb9\u601d\u8003vs.\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8a71\u96d6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u5957\u8def\u300d\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u4ecb\u7d39\u5169\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u61c9\u8db3\u5920\u5927\u5bb6\u8cab\u901a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u8ac7\u7684\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u95dc\u4e4e\u600e\u9ebc\u300c\u63cf\u8ff0\u300d\u6d41\u52d5\u3002\u8209\u500b\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u57162a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8981\u5f9e\u4e0a\u9762\u9a45\u52d5\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7269\u8cea\u2500\u2500\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u584a\u80fd\u5920\u8b8a\u5f62\u7684\u6a61\u81a0\u3001\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u6c99\u5b50\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ea\u662f\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6c34\uff09\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4f4d\u79fb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u540c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f4d\u79fb\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\u8ac7\u5230\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u4f4d\u79fb\uff08\u0394x\uff09\u96a8\u8457\u6df1\u5ea6\uff08z\uff09\u7684\u300c\u5dee\u7570\u300d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5167\u884c\u8a71\u53eb\u505a\u4f4d\u79fb\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff08gradient\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8996\u70ba\u5f62\u8b8a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u2500\u2500\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u82e5\u6392\u9664\u300c\u8f49\u52d5\u300d\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u68af\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6240\u8b02\u5207\u61c9\u8b8a\uff08shear strain\uff09\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u95dc\u5fc3\u9019\u500b\u61c9\u8b8a\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u901f\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31\u70ba\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\uff08shear rate\uff09\uff0c\u55ae\u4f4d\u662f\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5012\u6578\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u300c\u8981\u82b1\u591a\u5c11\u6642\u9593\uff08\u7684\u5012\u6578\uff09\u300d\u4f86\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u7269\u8cea\u300c\u5df2\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u300d: \u6b63\u5982\u57162a\u539f\u5148\u5782\u76f4\u6392\u5217\u7684\u5713\u7403\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d\u5230\u5927\u7d0445\u5ea6\u50be\u659c\uff08shear strain\uff5e1\uff09\u3002\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\u7684\u5927\uff0f\u5c0f\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u7684\u5df2\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5feb\uff0f\u6162\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u53ea\u80fd\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u8da8\u52e2\u300d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u9084\u8ac7\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5df2\u754c\u5b9a\u51fa\u5feb\u6216\u6162\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u300c\u610f\u7fa9\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u300c\u610f\u7fa9\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u80fd\u628a\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u97ff\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u56e0\u5b50\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u300c\u8a55\u5206\u6307\u6a19\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u89c0\u5ff5\u53eb\u505a\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\uff08dimensionless parameter\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u6a19\u4e0d\u5e36\u7269\u7406\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9996\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e36\u7269\u7406\u55ae\u4f4d\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff01<\/p>\n

\u300c\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\u300d\u807d\u4f86\u795e\u5947\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u7f55\u898b\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u8a31\u5e38\u5e38\u807d\u5230\u7528\u96f7\u8afe\u6578\uff08Reynolds number\uff09\u4f86\u63cf\u5beb\u6d41\u9ad4\u7d0a\u4e82\uff08turbulent\uff09\uff0f\u5e73\u7a69\uff08laminar\uff09\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5206\u6790\u904e\u6163\u6027\u529b\uff08inertia\uff09\u8207\u9ecf\u6eef\u529b\uff08viscosity\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5f8c\u6240\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u8a72\u4ee5\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7528\u70ba\u9996\u8981\u8003\u91cf\u2500\u2500\u7562\u7adf\u5982\u679c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u4e00\u8996\u540c\u4ec1\u5730\u7b97\u9032\u53bb\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9023\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\u90fd\u731c\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8ad6\u300c\u5b8c\u6574\u300d\u89e3\u7b54\uff01<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8ff7\u5fc5\u5b9a\u807d\u904e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u99ac\u8d6b\u6578\uff08Mach number\uff09\u2500\u2500\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u79fb\u52d5\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u8072\u6ce2\u884c\u9032\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5247\u662f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u904b\u52d5\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\u6d41\u9ad4\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u58d3\u7e2e\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u2500\u2500\u9019\u6578\u503c\u5982\u679c\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u524d\u8f29\u5011\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4fdd\u8b49\u662f\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u6d41\u9ad4\u7576\u4f5c\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u58d3\u7e2e\u300d\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u5c31\u7dbd\u7dbd\u6709\u9918\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u7d93\u904e\u4e86\u5169\u767e\u9918\u5e74\u7684\u8015\u8018\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u6a19\u5df2\u7d93\u591a\u5230\u4e0d\u52dd\u679a\u8209\u3002\u53cd\u89c0\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u77e5\u9053\u591a\u5c11\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u754c\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u5c0d\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u7684\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\uff0c\u8f03\u70ba\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u8005\uff1aInertia number\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e7e\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u7269\u7406 [1]\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u300d\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0cViscous number\uff08J<\/em>\uff09\u5247\u662f\u7528\u5728\u56fa\u9ad4\u9846\u7c92\u5b8c\u5168\u6d78\u5728\u6db2\u9ad4\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u5c0d\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u89d2\uff09[2]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73fe\u5be6\u5f80\u5f80\u4ecb\u65bc\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u9ed1\u5373\u767d\u3002\u66f4\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u9846\u7c92\u7dca\u7dca\u5730\u88ab\u58d3\u5728\u6709\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u88e1\u982d\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u96d6\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u97ff\u56fa\u614b\u9846\u7c92\u8868\u9762\u800c\u6709\u300c\u6f64\u6ed1\u300d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u300c\u529b\u7684\u50b3\u905e\u300d\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u9084\u662f\u9846\u7c92\u8207\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u8aaa\u662f\u5176\u932f\u7d9c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u300d\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf\u7dca\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e00\u65e6\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u8b8a\u56de\u4e3b\u89d2\u2500\u2500\u9019\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u55ce\uff1f
\n <\/p>\n

\"\"

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\"\"

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<\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/br><\/p>\n

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\u9019\u500b\u300c\u91cf\u7d1a\u300d\u548cVc\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u9810\u544a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u6469\u64e6\u4fc2\u6578\u56e0\u70ba\u76f8\u5c0d\u901f\u5ea6\u8d85\u904eVc\u800c\u6e1b\u640d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u4e5f\u65e9\u5df2\u8a8d\u5b9a\u5ca9\u77f3\u9593\u4ed6\u5011\u666e\u904d\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u201cvelocity weakening\u201d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u6b63\u662f\u5730\u8cea\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u7b97\u300c\u65b0\u805e\u300d\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u91d0\u6e05\u4e86\u70ba\u4f55\u524d\u8f29\u5011\u4f7f\u7528Viscous number\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\u5728\u9846\u7c92\u300c\u8db3\u5920\u7dca\u5bc6\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5f80\u5f80\u5931\u6548\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u8a72\u300cJ-rheology\u300d\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9846\u7c92\u9593\u88ab\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u4e00\u76f4\u5305\u88f9\u8457\u67d0\u7a2e\u539a\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u65b7\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bb9\u7d0d\u56e0\u300c\u63a5\u89f8\u300d\u800c\u8b93\u6469\u64e6\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ac7\u4e0d\u4e0a\u6b64\u6469\u64e6\u662f\u5426\u96a8\u76f8\u5c0d\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u9019\u500b\u5716\u50cf\u88e1\uff0c\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u61f8\u6d6e\u614b\uff08granular suspension\uff09\u53ef\u8996\u70ba\u662f\u300c\u7b2c\u4e09\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u548c\u6b64\u5716\u53f3\u4e0a\u65b9\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6db2\u5316\u300d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u7121\u7e2b\u76f8\u9023\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u53ef\u4f75\u7a31\u70ba\u548c\u56fa\u614b\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u300c\u6d41\u614b\uff08granular fluid\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u50cf\u524d\u8ff0\u5169\u7a2e\u6975\u7aef\u60c5\u5f62\u4e4b\u9593\u6703\u6709\u300c\u9593\u6b47\u6d41\u300d\u9019\u9053\u6d87\u6e2d\u5206\u660e\u7684\u754c\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u5207\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u6211\u5011\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u6210\u679c\u89e3\u8b80\u4e86\u300c\u52d5\u975c\u4e4b\u9593\u300d\u7684\u5c40\u52e2\u6d88\u9577\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u9084\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u91d0\u6e05\u300c\u9b06\u7dca\u4e4b\u8faf\u300d\u2500\u2500\u9019\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u8457\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9019\u601d\u7dad\u80fd\u5426\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u9593\u6b47\u6d41\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u5730\u9707\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u8ca2\u737b\u68c9\u8584\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u8acb\u5404\u4f4d\u62ed\u76ee\u4ee5\u5f85\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\n

[1]Forterre and Pouliquen, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 40(1), 1\u201324. (2008)
\n[2]Guazzelli and Pouliquen, J. Fluid Mech. 852, P1 (2018).
\n[3]Jih-Chiang Tsai, Guan-Hau Huang, and Cheng-En Tsai, \u201cSignature of Transition between Granular Solid and Fluid: Rate-Dependent Stick Slips in Steady Shearing\u201d, Phys. Rev. Lett<\/em>. 126,128001 (2021)
\n[4]https:\/www.phys.sinica.edu.tw\/jctsai\/brittle\/
\n[5]\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\u4e00\u65e6\u6d41\u6c99\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u88ab\u652a\u62cc\u5230\u4e0a\u5c64\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u4e0d\u9a5a\u614c\uff0c\u4ef0\u8eba\u4fdd\u6301\u53e3\u9f3b\u5728\u6c99\u6c34\u9762\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4eba\u9ad4\u7684\u7e3d\u5bc6\u5ea6\u662f\u7565\u5c0f\u65bc\u6c34\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0b\u6c89\u3002\u4f46\u80fd\u9019\u6a23\u81ea\u6551\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8eab\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u7269\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5728\u9a5a\u614c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u5931\u8db3\u8e29\u5165\u6df1\u5c64\u7684\u721b\u6ce5\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u9ecf\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5f8c\u8005\u4e00\u65e6\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u62bd\u96e2\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u6d41\u6c99\u88e1\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u771f\u7684\u662f\u300c\u6c89\u4e0b\u53bb\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u81ea\u5df1\u786c\u300c\u62c9\u4e0b\u53bb\u300d\u2500\u2500\u8a73\u898bhttps:\/www.nature.com\/articles\/437635a<\/p>\n

\"\"

\u57163.\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\u300c\u4e09\u614b\u300d\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u6574\u5408\u3002<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff08Granular flows\uff09\u5230\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u5efa\u9020\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u3001\u6f22\u4eba\u84cb\u9577\u57ce\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u5efa\u7bc9\u5de5\u5730\u8655\u7406\u7802 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26910,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"

\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff08Granular flows\uff09\u5230\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u5efa\u9020\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u3001\u6f22\u4eba\u84cb\u9577\u57ce\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u5efa\u7bc9\u5de5\u5730\u8655\u7406\u7802\u77f3\uff1b\u9084\u6709\u5eda\u623f\u88e1\u6d17\u7c73\u9078\u8c46\u5b50\u3001\u9910\u684c\u4e0a\u52a0\u7cd6\u52a0\u9e7d\u3001\u7cbe\u5bc6\u88fd\u85e5\u5982\u4f55\u5747\u52fb\u652a\u62cc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u706b\u661f\u63a2\u6e2c\u5668\u8457\u9678\u5f8c\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u884c\u9032\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u3002<\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95dc\u65bc\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u4e00\u76f4\u8655\u65bc\u4e09\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5730\u5e36\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u50cf\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u3001\u56fa\u614b\u7d50\u69cb\u529b\u5b78\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b78\u5404\u6709\u4e0a\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u300c\u975e\u7dda\u6027\u529b\u5b78\u300d\u7684\u71b1\u6f6e\u4e4b\u5f8c\u624d\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u56f0\u5883\u7576\u7136\u6709\u5b83\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e14\u5149\u662f\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8a9e\u5f59\uff0c\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u9677\u5165\u7121\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\uff08\u57161a\uff09\u3002<\/p>

\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u5c40\u5916\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u9580\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u8349\u5275\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u5b78\u554f\uff0c\u537b\u662f\u500b\u4e00\u7aba\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u8a66\u5716\u5316\u7e41\u70ba\u7c21\uff0c\u5728\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u5c0b\u627e\u51fa\u8def\u7684\u5927\u597d\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u59a8\u5c07\u6c99\u6f0f\uff08hourglass\uff09\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u300c\u7de9\u6162\u300d\u6d41\u52d5\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5c0d\u7167\u8b93\u4eba\u805e\u4e4b\u8272\u8b8a\u3001\u300c\u5feb\u901f\u300d\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u6d41\u6c99\uff08quicksand\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u8f15\u6613\u63d0\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u6191\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300c\u5feb\uff0f\u6162\u300d\uff1f<\/p>

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5225\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff1a\u9593\u6b47\u6d41\uff08intermittent flows\uff09\uff0c\u77ac\u9593\u7206\u767c\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u9020\u6210\u6975\u5927\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u2500\u2500\u5728\u571f\u77f3\u6d41\u53ca\u5730\u9707\u6642\u6709\u6240\u805e\u7684\u81fa\u7063\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u77ad\u89e3\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\u6216\u56fa\u9ad4\uff0c\u82e5\u8aaa\u4ecd\u7136\u675f\u624b\u7121\u7b56\u4e26\u4e0d\u70ba\u904e\uff08\u57161b\uff09\u3002<\/p>

\u4f55\u8b02\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d\uff1f\u300c\u4e3b\u89d2\u300d\u662f\u8ab0\uff1f\u2500\u2500\u7d14\u7cb9\u601d\u8003vs.\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c<\/strong><\/p>

\u8a71\u96d6\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u5957\u8def\u300d\u9084\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u4ecb\u7d39\u5169\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u61c9\u8db3\u5920\u5927\u5bb6\u8cab\u901a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u8ac7\u7684\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u95dc\u4e4e\u600e\u9ebc\u300c\u63cf\u8ff0\u300d\u6d41\u52d5\u3002\u8209\u500b\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u57162a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u8981\u5f9e\u4e0a\u9762\u9a45\u52d5\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u7269\u8cea\u2500\u2500\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u584a\u80fd\u5920\u8b8a\u5f62\u7684\u6a61\u81a0\u3001\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u6c99\u5b50\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ea\u662f\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u6d41\u9ad4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6c34\uff09\uff0c\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4f4d\u79fb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u540c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f4d\u79fb\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002<\/p>

\u56e0\u6b64\u8ac7\u5230\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u4f4d\u79fb\uff08\u0394x\uff09\u96a8\u8457\u6df1\u5ea6\uff08z\uff09\u7684\u300c\u5dee\u7570\u300d\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5167\u884c\u8a71\u53eb\u505a\u4f4d\u79fb\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff08gradient\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8996\u70ba\u5f62\u8b8a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u2500\u2500\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u8aaa\uff0c\u82e5\u6392\u9664\u300c\u8f49\u52d5\u300d\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u68af\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6240\u8b02\u5207\u61c9\u8b8a\uff08shear strain\uff09\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u66f4\u95dc\u5fc3\u9019\u500b\u61c9\u8b8a\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u901f\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31\u70ba\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\uff08shear rate\uff09\uff0c\u55ae\u4f4d\u662f\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5012\u6578\u3002<\/p>

\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u300c\u8981\u82b1\u591a\u5c11\u6642\u9593\uff08\u7684\u5012\u6578\uff09\u300d\u4f86\u770b\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u7269\u8cea\u300c\u5df2\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u300d: \u6b63\u5982\u57162a\u539f\u5148\u5782\u76f4\u6392\u5217\u7684\u5713\u7403\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d\u5230\u5927\u7d0445\u5ea6\u50be\u659c\uff08shear strain\uff5e1\uff09\u3002\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\u7684\u5927\uff0f\u5c0f\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u7684\u5df2\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5feb\uff0f\u6162\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u9019\u6a23\u53ea\u80fd\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u8da8\u52e2\u300d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u9084\u8ac7\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5df2\u754c\u5b9a\u51fa\u5feb\u6216\u6162\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u300c\u610f\u7fa9\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u2026\u2026<\/p>

\u82e5\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u300c\u610f\u7fa9\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u80fd\u628a\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u97ff\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u56e0\u5b50\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u300c\u8a55\u5206\u6307\u6a19\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u89c0\u5ff5\u53eb\u505a\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\uff08dimensionless parameter\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u6a19\u4e0d\u5e36\u7269\u7406\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u662f\u7d55\u5c0d\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u2500\u2500\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u9996\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u9019\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e36\u7269\u7406\u55ae\u4f4d\u7684\u6578\u5b57\uff01<\/p>

\u300c\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\u300d\u807d\u4f86\u795e\u5947\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u4e0d\u7f55\u898b\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u8a31\u5e38\u5e38\u807d\u5230\u7528\u96f7\u8afe\u6578\uff08Reynolds number\uff09\u4f86\u63cf\u5beb\u6d41\u9ad4\u7d0a\u4e82\uff08turbulent\uff09\uff0f\u5e73\u7a69\uff08laminar\uff09\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u5206\u6790\u904e\u6163\u6027\u529b\uff08inertia\uff09\u8207\u9ecf\u6eef\u529b\uff08viscosity\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5f8c\u6240\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u8a72\u4ee5\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f5c\u7528\u70ba\u9996\u8981\u8003\u91cf\u2500\u2500\u7562\u7adf\u5982\u679c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u90fd\u4e00\u8996\u540c\u4ec1\u5730\u7b97\u9032\u53bb\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u9023\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\u90fd\u731c\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8ad6\u300c\u5b8c\u6574\u300d\u89e3\u7b54\uff01<\/p>

\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\uff0c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u8ff7\u5fc5\u5b9a\u807d\u904e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u99ac\u8d6b\u6578\uff08Mach number\uff09\u2500\u2500\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u79fb\u52d5\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u8072\u6ce2\u884c\u9032\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5247\u662f\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u904b\u52d5\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\u6d41\u9ad4\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u58d3\u7e2e\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u2500\u2500\u9019\u6578\u503c\u5982\u679c\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u524d\u8f29\u5011\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4fdd\u8b49\u662f\u628a\u9019\u4e9b\u6d41\u9ad4\u7576\u4f5c\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u58d3\u7e2e\u300d\u7684\u4ecb\u8cea\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u5c31\u7dbd\u7dbd\u6709\u9918\u4e86\u3002<\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6d41\u9ad4\u529b\u5b78\u7d93\u904e\u4e86\u5169\u767e\u9918\u5e74\u7684\u8015\u8018\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6307\u6a19\u5df2\u7d93\u591a\u5230\u4e0d\u52dd\u679a\u8209\u3002\u53cd\u89c0\u9846\u7c92\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u77e5\u9053\u591a\u5c11\u5462\uff1f<\/p>

\u5728\u5b78\u8853\u754c\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u5c0d\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\u6b78\u7d0d\u51fa\u7684\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\uff0c\u8f03\u70ba\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5169\u8005\uff1aInertia number\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e7e\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u7269\u7406 [1]\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u300d\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0cViscous number\uff08J<\/em>\uff09\u5247\u662f\u7528\u5728\u56fa\u9ad4\u9846\u7c92\u5b8c\u5168\u6d78\u5728\u6db2\u9ad4\u88e1\u9762\uff0c\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u5c0d\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u89d2\uff09[2]\u3002<\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73fe\u5be6\u5f80\u5f80\u4ecb\u65bc\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u9ed1\u5373\u767d\u3002\u66f4\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u9846\u7c92\u7dca\u7dca\u5730\u88ab\u58d3\u5728\u6709\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u88e1\u982d\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u96d6\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u97ff\u56fa\u614b\u9846\u7c92\u8868\u9762\u800c\u6709\u300c\u6f64\u6ed1\u300d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c31\u300c\u529b\u7684\u50b3\u905e\u300d\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u9084\u662f\u9846\u7c92\u8207\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u8aaa\u662f\u5176\u932f\u7d9c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u300c\u7db2\u8def\u300d\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u96e3\u60f3\u50cf\u7dca\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e00\u65e6\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u8b8a\u56de\u4e3b\u89d2\u2500\u2500\u9019\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u55ce\uff1f<\/p>

\u300c\u5947\u602a\u300d\u7684\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u64bf\u5230\u907a\u843d\u7684\u8c9d\u6bbc\u2026\u2026<\/strong><\/p>

\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u7269\u7406\u6240\u7684\u5c0f\u5718\u968a\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6982\u5ff5[3]\uff1a\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5408\u6210\u7684\u516c\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u300c\u8edf\u300d\u9846\u7c92\u5713\u7403\u2500\u2500\u5176\u5f48\u6027\u53ea\u6bd4\u6587\u5177\u7528\u7684\u6a61\u76ae\u64e6\u7565\u786c\uff0c\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u7dca\u7dca\u5730\u58d3\u5728\u7279\u88fd\u7684\u5169\u500b\u9310\u5f62\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u300c\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7a4d\u4e0d\u8b8a\u300d\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u85c9\u7531\u8f49\u52d5\u4f86\u65bd\u4ee5\u6046\u5b9a\u7684\u5207\u8b8a\u7387\u3002\u540c\u6642\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u586b\u6709\u6db2\u9ad4\uff1a\u6db2\u9ad4\u5728\u9846\u7c92\u88ab\u7dca\u58d3\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u662f\u300c\u529b\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9069\u7576\u7684\u8abf\u914d\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u8b93\u5176\u5c0d\u5149\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u548c\u9019\u4e9b\u56fa\u9ad4\u5713\u7403\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\u53ef\u898b\u5149\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6642\u5019\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u6298\u5c04\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u7528\u8089\u773c\u6216\u5149\u5b78\u651d\u5f71\u6a5f\u5c31\u300c\u770b\u898b\u300d\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u9846\u7c92\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u8f49\u901f\u4e0b\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u2500\u2500\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u53c3\u898b\u7db2\u7ad9\u6240\u9644\u5f71\u7247 [4]\u3002<\/p>

\u63a1\u7528\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u8edf\u300d\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u7528\u610f\u662f\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u300c\u7dca\u58d3\u300d\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u53ca\u6a5f\u68b0\u5f37\u5ea6\u4f86\u7dad\u6301\u5feb\u6162\u76f8\u5dee\u53ef\u9054\u6578\u767e\u500d\u6216\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u300c\u5b9a\u901f\u8f49\u52d5\u300d\u3002<\/p>

\u57162b\u986f\u793a\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\u53ca\u9846\u7c92\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u6240\u6e2c\u91cf\u51fa\u8981\u7dad\u6301\u4e09\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u8f49\u52d5\u901f\u5ea6\u6642\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6240\u9700\u627f\u64d4\u7684\u8f49\u77e9\u7684\u8d77\u4f0f\uff1a\u5728\u300c\u4f4e\u300d\u8f49\u901f\u4e0b\uff08Omega=0.0001rps\uff09\uff0c\u8f49\u77e9\u6700\u9ad8\uff1b\u5728\u300c\u9ad8\u300d\u8f49\u901f\u4e0b\uff08Omega=0.05rps\uff09\uff0c\u8f49\u77e9\u504f\u4f4e\u3002\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u4e2d\u7b49\u300d\u8f49\u901f\uff0c\u8f49\u77e9\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u4e14\u5f62\u4f3c\u65bc\u300c\u5730\u9707\u300d\u7684\u5287\u70c8\u8d77\u4f0f\uff0c\u62cd\u651d\u5230\u7684\u5149\u5b78\u5f71\u50cf\u4e5f\u8b49\u5be6\u4e86\u5728\u8f49\u77e9\u9661\u964d\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u90e8\u767c\u751f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u5d29\u52d5\u2500\u2500\u9019\u4e9b\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u89e3\u91cb\u5462\uff1f<\/p>

\u5f8c\u898b\u4e4b\u660e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u7269\u7406\u6642\u5c07\u300c\u6469\u64e6\u4fc2\u6578\u300d\u7576\u4f5c\u662f\u8207\u904b\u52d5\u72c0\u614b\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u5e38\u6578\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u96d6\u5df2\u7fd2\u4ee5\u70ba\u5e38\uff0c\u537b\u548c\u4e8b\u5be6\u76f8\u5dee\u751a\u9060\uff01\u8a71\u8aaa\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u300c\u6469\u64e6\u4fc2\u6578\u4e26\u975e\u5e38\u6578\u300d\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u7406\u8ad6\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u5e38\u88ab\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u7c21\u5316\u3002\u9019\u96d6\u7121\u53ef\u539a\u975e\uff0c\u537b\u4f7f\u5f97\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\u524d\u8f29\u5011\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89ba\u5730\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u8af8\u73fe\u8c61\uff01<\/p>

\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5176\u4ed6\u7368\u7acb\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u9019\u4e9b\u56fa\u9ad4\u9846\u7c92\u8868\u9762\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u300c\u6469\u64e6\u4fc2\u6578\u300d\u5728\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff08Vc\uff0c\u548c\u6750\u8cea\u53ca\u6db2\u9ad4\u90fd\u6709\u95dc\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0a\u78ba\u5be6\u6703\u5448\u73fe\u986f\u8457\u4e0b\u6ed1\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5c08\u5c6c\u65bc\u7dca\u5bc6\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\u52d5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cf\u2500\u2500\u59d1\u4e14\u7a31\u4e4b\u70baslipperiness\uff08\u57162c\uff09\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u96e3\u4ee5\u9810\u77e5\u6240\u6709\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u76f8\u5c0d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff08d<\/em>\uff09\u53ca\u300c\u901f\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u300d\uff08\u5373\u524d\u8ff0shear rate\uff09\u300d\u5169\u8005\u7684\u4e58\u7a4d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u7d66\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u76f8\u5c0d\u901f\u5ea6\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u300c\u91cf\u7d1a\u300d\u3002<\/p>

\u9019\u500b\u300c\u91cf\u7d1a\u300d\u548cVc\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u6bd4\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u9810\u544a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\u9846\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u6469\u64e6\u4fc2\u6578\u56e0\u70ba\u76f8\u5c0d\u901f\u5ea6\u8d85\u904eVc\u800c\u6e1b\u640d\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u5bb6\u5728\u6578\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u4e5f\u65e9\u5df2\u8a8d\u5b9a\u5ca9\u77f3\u9593\u4ed6\u5011\u666e\u904d\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u201cvelocity weakening\u201d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u6b63\u662f\u5730\u8cea\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u7b97\u300c\u65b0\u805e\u300d\u2026\u2026\u3002<\/p>

\u66d9\u5149\u4e4d\u73fe\uff1a\u524d\u8f29\u7684\u80a9\u8180\uff06\u6d77\u5e73\u7dda\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u908a<\/strong><\/p>

\u6545\u4e8b\u9032\u884c\u5230\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7d42\u65bc\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5c07\u770b\u4f3c\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\u300c\u5287\u60c5\u300d\u878d\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u7d71\u6574\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u88e1\u3002<\/p>

\u53c3\u8003\u57163\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u5920\u7dca\u5bc6\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0cslipperiness\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u9023\u7d50\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u56fa\u614b\uff08granular solid\uff09\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u6db2\u614b\uff08granular liquid\uff09\u300d\u5169\u7a2e\u6975\u7aef\uff1a\u5169\u8005\u5206\u5225\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u300c\u6469\u64e6\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6253\u6298\u300d\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u8f49\u77e9\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u63a8\u52d5\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9846\u7c92\u9593\u6469\u64e6\u529b\u55aa\u5931\u6b86\u76e1\u4ee5\u81f4\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u6db2\u5316\u300d\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u72c0\u614b\u2500\u2500\u5c31\u5982\u5728\u6d41\u6c99\u7684\u6399\u624e\u6070\u4f7f\u5f97\u7802\u7c92\u4e4b\u9593\u5728\u975c\u6b62\u6642\u9084\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u529b\u5b8c\u5168\u5931\u6548[5]\u3002<\/p>

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[1]Forterre and Pouliquen, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 40(1), 1\u201324. (2008)
[2]Guazzelli and Pouliquen, J. Fluid Mech. 852, P1 (2018).
[3]Jih-Chiang Tsai, Guan-Hau Huang, and Cheng-En Tsai, \u201cSignature of Transition between Granular Solid and Fluid: Rate-Dependent Stick Slips in Steady Shearing\u201d, Phys. Rev. Lett<\/em>. 126,128001 (2021)
[4]https:\/www.phys.sinica.edu.tw\/jctsai\/brittle\/
[5]\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5176\u5be6\u4e00\u65e6\u6d41\u6c99\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u88ab\u652a\u62cc\u5230\u4e0a\u5c64\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u4e0d\u9a5a\u614c\uff0c\u4ef0\u8eba\u4fdd\u6301\u53e3\u9f3b\u5728\u6c99\u6c34\u9762\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4eba\u9ad4\u7684\u7e3d\u5bc6\u5ea6\u662f\u7565\u5c0f\u65bc\u6c34\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0b\u6c89\u3002\u4f46\u80fd\u9019\u6a23\u81ea\u6551\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8eab\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u7269\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5728\u9a5a\u614c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u5931\u8db3\u8e29\u5165\u6df1\u5c64\u7684\u721b\u6ce5\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u9ecf\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6771\u897f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5f8c\u8005\u4e00\u65e6\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u62bd\u96e2\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96e3\u7684\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u6d41\u6c99\u88e1\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u5e78\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u771f\u7684\u662f\u300c\u6c89\u4e0b\u53bb\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u81ea\u5df1\u786c\u300c\u62c9\u4e0b\u53bb\u300d\u2500\u2500\u8a73\u898bhttps:\/www.nature.com\/articles\/437635a<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_21652\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"500\"]\"\" \u57161.\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\uff08granular flows\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u53ca\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u6027[\/caption][caption id=\"attachment_21652\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"500\"]\"\" \u57162.\uff08a\uff09\u4f55\u8b02\u300c\u6d41\u52d5\u300d;\uff08b\uff09\u672c\u5718\u968a\u7684\u5be6\u6e2c\u4f8b;\uff08c\uff09\u7121\u56e0\u6b21\u91cfslipperiness\u3002[\/caption][caption id=\"attachment_21652\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1001\"]\"\" \u57163.\u9846\u7c92\u6d41\u300c\u4e09\u614b\u300d\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u6574\u5408\u3002[\/caption]","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[990,983],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26892"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26892"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26933,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26892\/revisions\/26933"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26910"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}