{"id":24973,"date":"2021-07-15T00:03:20","date_gmt":"2021-07-14T16:03:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=24973"},"modified":"2021-08-26T08:24:39","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T00:24:39","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e9%87%8f%e5%ad%90%e9%9b%bb%e5%8b%95%e5%8a%9b%e5%ad%b8%e8%88%87%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%b8%e4%b9%8b%e9%96%93%e7%9a%84%e9%80%a3%e7%b5%90%ef%bc%9a%e9%9b%bb%e7%a3%81%e6%a5%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/24973\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u8207\u5316\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7d50\uff1a\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u5316\u5b78"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u767c\u5c55\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf1950\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7531\u4fc4\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u6258\u6bd4\u6208\uff08Kirill Tolpygo\uff09\u8207\u4e2d\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u9ec3\u6606\uff08Kun Huang\uff09\u5206\u5225\u5efa\u7acb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u96e2\u5b50\u6676\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8072\u5b50\u8207\u96fb\u78c1\u6ce2\u7684\u8026\u5408\u53ca\u5176\u8272\u6563\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u3002\u800c\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u5247\u662f\u57281958\u5e74\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u970d\u666e\u83f2\u723e\u5fb7\uff08John Joseph Hopfield\uff09\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u5728\u56fa\u614b\u7269\u7406\u9818\u57df\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u4e45\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u97ff\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u542b\u4e0b\u5217\u5169\u9ede\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u9060\u5c0f\u65bc\u5206\u5b50\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u8017\u6563\uff0c\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6210\u614b\u975e\u5e38\u96e3\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9060\u6bd4\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6210\u614b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\uff08lifetime\uff09\u4f86\u5f97\u9577\uff0c\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u9084\u4f86\u4e0d\u53ca\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6210\u614b\u5c31\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u9ede\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u8981\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6210\u614b\u9032\u884c\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u90a3\u6cd5\u570b\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b78\u5bb6\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u5230\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u95dc\u9375\u662f\u8981\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u5f37\u8026\u5408\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u7a7a\u8154\uff08microcavity\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5fae\u7a7a\u8154\u5167\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u96fb\u78c1\u99d0\u6ce2\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u614b\uff0c\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u983b\u7387\u4e0b\uff0c\u5149\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u614b\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08density of states\uff09\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5149\u5b78\u6a21\uff08photonic mode\uff09\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u8abf\u6574\u5fae\u7a7a\u8154\u7684\u99d0\u6ce2\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5149\u5b78\u6a21\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\uff08vibrational mode\uff09\u5171\u632f\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u5149\u5b78\u6a21\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u4e32\u71d2\u7684\u7af9\u7c64\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5c07\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u4e32\u806f\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u6839\u64da\u8154\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff08cavity quantum electrodynamics\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709N<\/em>\u500b\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u4e00\u8d77\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u8026\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u221aN<\/em>\u500d\u3002\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u7684\u5149\u5b50\u614b\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u5b50\u8207\u5149\u4e4b\u9593\u5f37\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u7a31\u4e4b\u300c\u632f\u52d5\u5f37\u8026\u5408\uff08vibrational strong coupling\uff09\u300d\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6210\u614b\u3002\u6839\u64da\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u5229\u7528\u632f\u52d5\u5f37\u8026\u5408\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u88c2\u89e3Si-C\u6216Si-O\u9375\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7522\u7269[1]\uff1b\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u4e5f\u5229\u7528\u53cd\u61c9\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u3001\u6eb6\u5291\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u4ee5\u53ca\u5149\u5b78\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u901f\u7387[2]\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u91cf\u5b50\u771f\u7a7a\u6f32\u843d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u7576\u4f5c\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5291\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6839\u64da\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u554f\u984c\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u61c9\u8a72\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u63a7\u5236\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e26\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u767c\u73fe\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u8abf\u6574\u7a7a\u8154\u7684\u96fb\u78c1\u99d0\u6ce2\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52d5\u6a21\u5171\u632f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u6703\u5728\u5fae\u7a7a\u8154\u5167\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u97ff\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u539f\u7406\u6a5f\u5236\u5c1a\u672a\u660e\u6717\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u95e1\u660e\u5176\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u7684\u3002\u57c3\u8c9d\u68ee\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f15\u8d77\u8a31\u591a\u7406\u8ad6\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5b78\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8154\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u53bb\u63cf\u8ff0\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u5316\u5b78\u5167\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u8154\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u5177\u6709\u5169\u500b\u81ea\u7531\u53c3\u6578\uff1a\u8026\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u8207\u5149\u5b78\u8017\u6563\uff08optical loss\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u8207\u5316\u5b78\u5206\u5b50\u6240\u8655\u65bc\u7684\u4ecb\u96fb\u74b0\u5883\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7121\u6cd5\u628a\u4ecb\u96fb\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u5f15\u5165\u5316\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7121\u6cd5\u9810\u6e2c\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u6df7\u6210\u614b\u662f\u5426\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u5305\u542b\u4ecb\u96fb\u74b0\u5883\u5c0d\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5718\u968a\u5c07\u5b8f\u89c0\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff08macroscopic quantum electrodynamics\uff09[5]\u5f15\u5165\u5316\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u5b8f\u89c0\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u53ef\u8996\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u5834\u8ad6\u6216\u7c97\u7c92\u5316\u6a21\u578b\uff08coarse-grained model\uff09\uff0c\u5c07\u4ecb\u8cea\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u4ee5\u5b8f\u89c0\u4ecb\u96fb\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165\u99ac\u514b\u58eb\u5a01\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u5149\u5b50\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b8f\u89c0\u4ecb\u96fb\u51fd\u6578\u5df2\u7d93\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u8a31\u591a\u5948\u7c73\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u5149\u96fb\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u53c3\u8207\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u76f8\u7576\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u5b9a\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5718\u968a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5148\u9a57\u8b49\u5b8f\u89c0\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u5f37\u8026\u5408\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u4e09\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5718\u968a\u57fa\u65bc\u5b8f\u89c0\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u9069\u7528\u7bc4\u570d\u66f4\u5ee3\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u87a2\u5149\u7406\u8ad6[6][7]\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u5b50\u767c\u5c04\u529f\u7387\u8b5c\u7406\u8ad6[8]\u3002\u5ee3\u7fa9\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u87a2\u5149\u7406\u8ad6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\uff1a\u5728\u8907\u96dc\u4ecb\u96fb\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u87a2\u5149\u8207\u91cf\u5b50\u771f\u7a7a\u6f32\u843d\u6240\u8026\u5408\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d71\u4e00\u63cf\u8ff0\u5149\u8207\u7269\u8cea\u5f9e\u5f31\u8026\u5408\u5230\u5f37\u8026\u5408\u7684\u87a2\u5149\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5f17\u862d\u514b-\u5eb7\u767b\uff08Franck-Condon\uff09\u6a5f\u5236\u5230\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u6a5f\u5236\uff08\u8acb\u898b\u5716\u4e8c\uff09\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u5305\u542b\u67e5\u6069\u65af\uff08Ronald R. Chance\uff09\u8207\u897f\u723e\u8c9d\uff08Robert J. Silbey\uff09\u5728\u5206\u5b50\u87a2\u5149\u9818\u57df\u7684\u8457\u540d\u7406\u8ad6[9]\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u65bc\u53e4\u5178\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u63cf\u8ff0\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5f37\u8026\u5408\u3002\u5716\u4e8c\u70ba\u4f5c\u8005\u7406\u8ad6\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u767c\u5c04\u529f\u7387\u8b5c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u8026\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u589e\u5f37\uff0c\u767c\u5c04\u529f\u7387\u8b5c\u5f9e\u5f17\u862d\u514b-\u5eb7\u767b\u7684\u8b5c\u7dda\u9010\u6f38\u8b8a\u6210\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u7684\u8b5c\u7dda\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7121\u81ea\u7531\u53c3\u6578\u4e0b\u4f30\u8a08\u6fc0\u5b50-\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u8a72\u7406\u8ad6\u6240\u4f30\u8a08\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u8207\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8a31\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\uff08Cavendish Laboratory\uff09\u5831\u5c0e\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u76f8\u543b\u5408[10]\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u88ab\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u671f\u520aJ. Chem. Phys.<\/em>\u9078\u70baEditor\u2019 Pick\u548cEditors\u2019 Choice in 2019\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5716\u4e8c\uff1a \u5206\u5b50\u7684\u767c\u5c04\u529f\u7387\u8b5c\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5206\u5b50\u8207\u5149\u5b50\u8026\u5408\u589e\u5f37\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u767c\u5c04\u529f\u7387\u8b5c\u5f9e\u5f17\u862d\u514b-\u5eb7\u767b\u8b5c\u7dda\uff08\u5206\u5b50\u632f\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff09\u9010\u6f38\u8b8a\u5316\u81f3\u96fb\u78c1\u6975\u5316\u5b50\u7684\u8b5c\u7dda\u3002\u5716\u7247\u5f9e\u6587\u737b[8]\u526a\u88c1\u800c\u4f86\u3002Copyright 2019 American Institute of Physics.<\/p><\/div>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8981\u63d0\u9192\u8b80\u8005\uff1a\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u5229\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u958b\u653e\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u5149\u8207\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5f37\u8026\u5408\u5df2\u7d93\u5e36\u4f86\u8a31\u591a\u4ee4\u4eba\u8208\u596e\u7684\u65b0\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6700\u7d42\u91cf\u5b50\u96fb\u52d5\u529b\u5b78\u80fd\u5920\u9032\u5165\u5404\u500b\u5316\u5b78\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u6703\u662f\u57fa\u790e\u5316\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6539\u8b8a\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u5316\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u4f5c\u8005\u611f\u8b1d\u674e\u660e\u7def\u5148\u751f\u88fd\u4f5c\u793a\u610f\u5716\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u674e\u660e\u7def\u5148\u751f\u548c\u8521\u5b8f\u6607\u540c\u5b78\u6821\u5c0d\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n[1] Thomas, A.; Lethuillier-Karl, L.; Nagarajan, K.; Vergauwe, R. W. A.; George, J.; Chervy T.; Shalabney, A.; Devaux, E.; Genet, C.; Moran, J.; et al. Science<\/em> 2019, 363<\/em>, 615\u2212619.
\n[2] Lather, J.; Bhatt, P.; Thomas, A.; Ebbesen, T. W.; George, J. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.<\/em> 2019, 58<\/em>, 10635\u221210638.
\n[3] Ribeiro, R. F.; Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez, L. A.; Du, M.; Campos-Gonzalez-Angulo, J.; Yuen-Zhou, J. Chem. Sci<\/em>. 2018, 9<\/em>, 6325\u20136339.
\n[4] Flick, J.; Ruggenthaler, M.; Appel, H.; Rubio, A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.<\/em> 2017, 114<\/em>, 3026\u20133034.
\n[5] Vogel, W.; Welsch, D.-G. Quantum Optics<\/em>; WILEY-VCH, 2006.
\n[6] Wang, S.; Scholes., G. D.; Hsu, L.-Y. J. Chem. Phys<\/em>. 2019, 151<\/em>, 014105.
\n[7] Wang, S.; Scholes., G. D.; Hsu, L.-Y. J. Phys. Chem. Lett.<\/em> 2020, 11<\/em>, 5948-5955.
\n[8] Wang, S.; Lee, M.-W.; Chuang, Y.-T.; Scholes., G. D.; Hsu, L.-Y. J. Chem. Phys.<\/em> 2020, 153<\/em>, 184102.
\n[9] Chance, R. R.; Prock, A.; Silbey, R. Adv. Chem. Phys.<\/em> 1978, 37<\/em>, 1\u201365.
\n[10] Chikkaraddy, R.; de Nijs, B.; Benz, F.; Barrow, S. J.; Scherman, O. A.; Rosta, E.; Demetriadou, A.; Fox, P.; Hess, O.; Baumberg, J. J. Nature<\/em> 2016, 535<\/em>, 127\u2212130.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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