{"id":24602,"date":"2021-05-20T00:03:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-19T16:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=24602"},"modified":"2021-08-26T08:28:44","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T00:28:44","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e5%ad%98%e6%b4%bb%e6%b0%91%e4%b8%bb%e2%94%80%e6%96%b0%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%b0%a3%e5%80%99%e6%b8%9b%e7%b7%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/24602\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u5b58\u6d3b\u6c11\u4e3b\u2500\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0b\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u6e1b\u7de9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300a\u5b58\u6d3b\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0d\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0b\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u6e1b\u7de9\u300b(Surviving Democracy\u2014Mitigating Climate Change in A Neoliberalized World<\/em>, Routledge, 2020)\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u63a2\u8a0e\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u53ca\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e09\u8005\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u66f8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c23\u5019\u707d\u96e3\u9023\u74b0\u8086\u8650\u4e0b\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u572821\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u6b65\u5165\u300c\u6c23\u5019\u7dca\u6025\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u767e\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u56e0\u4f55\u3001\u70ba\u8ab0\u800c\u6c92\u80fd\u907f\u514d\uff1f\u53c8\u662f\u56e0\u4f55\u3001\u70ba\u8ab0\u800c\u81f3\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u4eca\u65e5\u4f9d\u7136\u671d\u8457\u4eba\u70ba\u7684\u6ec5\u7d55\u65b9\u5411\u52a0\u901f\u885d\u523a\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6700\u665a\u57281970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c31\u5df2\u63e1\u6709\u78ba\u947f\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u8b49\u660e\u71c3\u71d2\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u6240\u6392\u653e\u7684\u6eab\u5ba4\u6c23\u9ad4\u6703\u9020\u6210\u5730\u7403\u6696\u5316\u3001\u6975\u5730\u878d\u51b0\u3001\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5347\uff1b\u82e5\u6301\u7e8c\u5927\u91cf\u71c3\u71d2\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c07\u5c0e\u81f4\u5730\u7403\u4e0d\u518d\u9069\u5408\u4eba\u985e\u5c45\u4f4f\u3002\u64c1\u6709\u6b64\u4e00\u95dc\u9375\u77e5\u8b58\u503c\u5f97\u6176\u5e78\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u6642\u9593\u5f9e\u5bb9\u8abf\u6574\u7d93\u6fdf\u751f\u7522\u53ca\u80fd\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5730\u7403\u4e0d\u5fc5\u771f\u7684\u6696\u5316\u3001\u6975\u5730\u4e0d\u5fc5\u771f\u7684\u878d\u51b0\u3001\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u4e0d\u5fc5\u771f\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\u3001\u7269\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5fc5\u771f\u7684\u5927\u6ec5\u7d55\u3002\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u904e\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u5fc3\u4eba\u963b\u6493\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u7d93\u6fdf\u751f\u7522\u53ca\u80fd\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u975e\u4f46\u672a\u505a\u9069\u7576\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u751a\u4e14\u9806\u8457\u6709\u5fc3\u4eba\u7684\u64d8\u756b\uff0c\u4f34\u96a8\u8457\u7269\u7a2e\u6ec5\u7d55\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u672c\u66f8\u64b0\u5beb\u5e8f\u6587\u7684\u54c8\u4f5b\u6559\u6388Naomi Oreskes\u5728\u5176\u8207Erik Conway\u5408\u8457\u7684\u300a\u8ca9\u8ce3\u61f7\u7591\u7684\u5546\u4eba\u300b\uff08Merchants of Doubt<\/em>\uff09(\u8a3b\u4e00)\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u8aa0\u5be6\u6c23\u5019\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u8072\u75be\u547c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u8a08\u5283\u3001\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u88ab\u6d88\u5931\u3001\u88ab\u96b1\u6c92\u3002\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u95dc\u7522\u696d\u4ee5\u9ad8\u85aa\u8058\u96c7\u4e0d\u8aa0\u5be6\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u7528\u8c8c\u4f3c\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u5047\u79d1\u5b78\u4ee5\u70cf\u8cca\u6230\u53cd\u5236\u8aa0\u5be6\u6c23\u5019\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u696d\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u65a5\u8cc7\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u667a\u5eab\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u5c08\u70ba\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u8005\u91cf\u8eab\u6253\u9020\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u5426\u5b9a\u8ad6\u5728\u516c\u95dc\u9ad8\u624b\u3001\u5a92\u9ad4\u540d\u5634\u3001\u667a\u5eab\u5c08\u5bb6\u7684\u6563\u64ad\u4e0b\u4e0d\u65b7\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u300c\u6696\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u300d\u3001\u300c\u81f3\u5c11\u79d1\u5b78\u4e26\u7121\u5b9a\u8ad6\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e26\u4e0d\u56b4\u91cd\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5373\u4f7f\u56b4\u91cd\u4e5f\u7121\u9700\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u975e\u4eba\u70ba\u5c0e\u81f4\u300d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u773e\u96c6\u9ad4\u8a8d\u77e5\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u4e00\u7fa4\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u667a\u5eab\u5c08\u5bb6\u3001\u5a92\u9ad4\u540d\u5634\u4e5f\u66fe\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8b70\u984c\u9818\u57df\u53d7\u50f1\u5404\u8a72\u9818\u57df\u696d\u8005\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u5957\u8173\u672c\u6563\u64ad\u61f7\u7591\u8ad6\uff0c\u53cd\u5236\u300c\u9999\u83f8\u6709\u5bb3\u5065\u5eb7\u300d\u3001\u300c\u77f3\u7dbf\u6709\u5bb3\u5065\u5eb7\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u6709\u5bb3\u5065\u5eb7\u300d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u9019\u4e9b\u6709\u5bb3\u5546\u54c1\u80fd\u9072\u4e00\u5929\u4e0b\u67b6\u6216\u53d7\u5230\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u9ed1\u5fc3\u8ca1\u5718\u5c31\u80fd\u591a\u8cfa\u5f97\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u66b4\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5982\u540c\u300c\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u81f4\u764c\u5426\u5b9a\u8ad6\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u6709\u6bba\u87f2\u5291\u696d\u8005\uff0c\u300c\u83f8\u5bb3\u5426\u5b9a\u8ad6\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u6709\u83f8\u8349\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u300c\u6c23\u5019\u5426\u5b9a\u8ad6\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u6709\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u696d\uff0c\u300c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u80cc\u5f8c\u4e5f\u85cf\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u624b\uff0c\u5373\u8de8\u8d8a\u7522\u696d\u5225\u7684\u6b50\u7f8e\u793e\u6703\u9802\u5c64\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u5546\u696d\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u53ca\u5b78\u8853\u83c1\u82f1\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u83c1\u82f1\u70ba\u4e86\u89e3\u9664\uff0f\u907f\u514d\u653f\u5e9c\u56e0\u793e\u6703\u6574\u9ad4\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u5c0d\u4f01\u696d\u8ca1\u5718\u6709\u6240\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u8c8c\u4f3c\u4e2d\u7acb\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u300c\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u8b49\u660e\u300d\u5e02\u5834\u842c\u80fd\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u624b\u5fc5\u9808\u62ff\u958b\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u9748\u9b42\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u6d77\u8036\u514b(Friedrich Hayek)\u3002\u5728\u300c\u901a\u5f80\u5974\u5f79\u4e4b\u8def\u300d(The Road to Serfdom)\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d77\u8036\u514b\u5c07\u653f\u5e9c\u70ba\u4fdd\u8b77\u52de\u5de5\u3001\u751f\u614b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u800c\u5c0d\u4f01\u696d\u9032\u884c\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u63cf\u7e6a\u70ba\u72a7\u7272\u500b\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9862\u9807\u96c6\u9ad4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u552f\u6709\u5e02\u5834\u624d\u662f\u5168\u77e5\u5168\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u653f\u5e9c\u5c0d\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5e72\u9810\u4fbf\u5f62\u540c\u662f\u5c07\u793e\u6703\u63a8\u5411\u5c08\u653f\u5974\u5f79\u7684\u9661\u5761\u3002\u6b64\u66f8\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5f15\u4f86\u4e86\u4f01\u696d\u5bcc\u8c6a\u7c07\u64c1\u8d0a\u52a9\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5efa\u7acb\u667a\u5eab\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e26\u4e14\u5ee3\u62db\u300c\u601d\u60f3\u63ae\u5ba2\u300d( \u201csecondhand dealers in ideas\u201d)\u5c07\u6d77\u8036\u514b\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6563\u64ad\u5230\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u5927\u5b78\u7b49\u516c\u5171\u53ca\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5834\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u83c1\u82f1\u53ca\u601d\u60f3\u63ae\u5ba2\u5ba3\u7a31\uff0c\u9019\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u601d\u60f3\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc18\u300119\u4e16\u7d00\u51b7\u9177\u7121\u60c5\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\uff08”laissez fair”\uff09\u9ad4\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u8ca7\u5bcc\u6975\u5ea6\u61f8\u6b8a\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0b\u653f\u5e9c\u96d6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c07\u624b\u4f38\u9032\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u537b\u80fd\u5920\u900f\u904e\u70ba\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u6e1b\u7a05\u3001\u734e\u52f5\u4e26\u88dc\u52a9\u6295\u8cc7\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fc3\u9032\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u5c31\u696d\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u4f7f\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\u4e0b\u96e8\u9732\u5747\u9711\uff1b\u6b64\u5373\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300c\u6d93\u6ef4\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e0b\u6ef2\u5f0f\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u300d(“trickle-down economics”)\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u5e02\u5834\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6975\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7b49\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f01\u696d\u8ca1\u5718\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6c11\u6975\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u7b49\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u83c1\u82f1\u53ca\u601d\u60f3\u63ae\u5ba2\u96bb\u5b57\u4e0d\u63d0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u96d6\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5916\u89c0\uff0c\u5167\u6db5\u672c\u8cea\u537b\u662f\u516c\u95dc\u884c\u92b7\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u5c0d\u516c\u773e\u8a8d\u77e5\u9032\u884c\u64cd\u63a7\u3002\u7576\u300c\u5e02\u5834\u842c\u80fd\u300d\u3001\u300c\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7d2f\u8d05\u300d\u3001\u300c\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6bba\u624b\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u81ea\u79c1\u81ea\u5229\u5c31\u6703\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u7b49\u6559\u689d\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u773e\u8a8d\u80af\u7684\u5e38\u8b58\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u5957\u5206\u914d\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u53cd\u800c\u6210\u4e86\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u5566\u5566\u968a\uff0c\u8b77\u885b\u4f01\u696d\u8ca1\u5718\u5728\u50b7\u5bb3\u4eba\u6c11\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u52de\u5de5\u6b0a\u76ca\u3001\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u540c\u6642\u9084\u4eab\u6709\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7531\u4e0b\u5f80\u4e0a\u79fb\u8f49\u7684\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u8ca1\u5bcc\u96c6\u4e2d\u6700\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u8ca1\u5bcc\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u843d\u5165\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5f9e\u4eba\u6c11\u300c\u77e5\u300d\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u5230\u4eba\u6c11\u300c\u505a\u4e3b\u300d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u76e1\u7686\u4ea4\u7531\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u83c1\u82f1\u5011\u6536\u653e\u8abf\u63a7\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u5f9e\u300c\u4e00\u4eba\u4e00\u7968\u300d\u8b8a\u6210\u300c\u4e00\u5143\u4e00\u7968\u300d\uff1b\u6c7a\u7b56\u6b0a\u5f9e\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u624b\u4e2d\u6084\u6084\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u9802\u7aef\u300c\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u95dc\u8005\u300d(stakeholder)\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u6c23\u5019\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u95dc\u8005\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u5929\u7136\u6c23\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u3001\u7164\u70ad\u7522\u696d\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u9ad8\u8017\u80fd\u3001\u9ad8\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4e0b\u6e38\u7522\u696d\u70ba\u8f14\u7684\u300c\u78b3\u71c3\u8907\u5408\u9ad4(carbon-combustion complex)\u300d\u3002\u9019\u7fa4\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u8005\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5df2\u5f9e\u65e9\u671f\u96b1\u533f\u3001\u5c01\u9396\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u76f8\u95dc\u77e5\u8b58\u53ca\u6253\u58d3\u6050\u5687\u8aa0\u5be6\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u52d9\u5be6\u5730\u627f\u8a8d\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u5229\u7528\u7bc0\u80fd\u6e1b\u78b3\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u62ac\u982d\u9032\u884c\u300c\u6f02\u7da0\u300d(greenwashing)\u516c\u95dc\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u66f4\u6280\u5de7\u5730\u5f9e\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u52de\u5de5\u3001\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u3001\u7d0d\u7a05\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u652b\u53d6\u8cc7\u6e90\u8ca1\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b50\u76df\u6c23\u5019\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0d\u78b3\u4ea4\u6613\u5236\u5ea6(EU Emissions Trading System; EU ETS)\uff0d\u4ee5\u300c\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\u4ed8\u8cbb\u300d\u70ba\u516c\u95dc\u884c\u92b7\u7d20\u6750\uff0c\u975c\u6084\u6084\u9054\u6210\u300c\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\u300e\u88ab\u300f\u4ed8\u8cbb\u300d\u7684\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5411\u4e0a\u79fb\u8f49\u6548\u679c\u3002\u78b3\u6392\u5927\u6236\u9996\u5148\u900f\u904e\u5f37\u529b\u904a\u8aaa\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6b50\u76df\u78b3\u6392\u7e3d\u91cf\u8a2d\u5b9a\u843d\u5728\u4e0d\u81f4\u9020\u6210\u8ca1\u5718\u7372\u5229\u6e1b\u640d\u7684\u6c34\u6e96\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u518d\u904a\u8aaa\u6b50\u76df\u6177\u6168\u8d08\u4e88\u6c61\u67d3\u5927\u6236\u514d\u8cbb\u78b3\u6392\u914d\u984d\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\u518d\u5c07\u5e73\u767d\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u514d\u8cbb\u78b3\u6392\u914d\u984d\u8f49\u624b\u8b8a\u8ce3\u6216\u5c07\uff08\u5176\u5be6\u4e26\u672a\uff09\u88ab\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u6210\u672c\u300c\u8f49\u5ac1\u300d\u7d66\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u4e0b\uff0c\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u5f9e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7bc4\u7587\u812b\u8eab\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u8cc7\u8a0a\u96b1\u6666\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5e02\u5834\u7bc4\u7587\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u77e5\u8207\u767c\u63ee\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u672c\u61c9\u7531\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u5f37\u5236\u6dd8\u6c70\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u5247\u6416\u8eab\u6210\u70ba\u53c8\u4e00\u9805\u80fd\u70ba\u9802\u5c64\u5275\u9020\u66f4\u591a\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u8005\u627c\u6bba\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u85c9\u6b64\u5ef6\u9577\u81f4\u547d\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u7372\u5229\u58fd\u547d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5177\u9ad4\u4f5c\u6cd5\u662f\u8a98\u4f7f\u4e26\u806f\u5408\u5404\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u7c3d\u8a02\u6697\u85cf\u7384\u6a5f\u7684\u8cbf\u6613\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u3002\u5728\u80fd\u6e90\u61b2\u7ae0\u689d\u7d04(\u8a3b\u4e09)\u3001\u6b50\u76df-\u52a0\u62ff\u5927(\u8a3b\u56db)\u3001\u6b50\u76df-\u7f8e\u570b(\u8a3b\u4e94)\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u64f1\u7f6e\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b(\u8a3b\u516d)\u8cbf\u6613\u6295\u8cc7\u5354\u5b9a\u4e2d\uff0c\u96b1\u85cf\u5728\u6578\u767e\u6578\u5343\u9801\u8271\u6f80\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8fad\u85fb\u6df1\u8655\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u8de8\u570b\u4f01\u696d\u64cd\u5200\u64b0\u5beb\u7684\u300c\u6295\u8cc7\u722d\u7aef\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\u300d(\u8a3b\u4e03)\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u7671\u7613\u4e3b\u6b0a\u570b\u5bb6\u70ba\u56e0\u61c9\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u800c\u9010\u6b65\u6dd8\u6c70\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u6b0a\u3002\u300c\u6295\u8cc7\u722d\u7aef\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\u300d\u8ce6\u4e88\u8de8\u570b\u8ca1\u5718\u907f\u958b\u4e3b\u6b0a\u570b\u53f8\u6cd5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u800c\u5728\u79c1\u8a2d\u7684\u4ef2\u88c1\u5ead\u63a7\u544a\u4e3b\u6b0a\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c61\u67d3\u8005\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u6295\u8cc7\u5730\u4e3b\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u64a4\u56de\u4fdd\u8b77\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u4f46\u50b7\u53ca\u8ca1\u5718\u7372\u5229\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u9808\u7e73\u4ed8\u9245\u984d\u8ce0\u511f\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6295\u8cc7\u722d\u7aef\u4ef2\u88c1\u591a\u662f\u7531\u4f01\u696d\u8ca1\u5718\u5f8b\u5e2b\u64d4\u7db1\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5176\u65e2\u975e\u53f8\u6cd5\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e00\u74b0\uff0c\u81ea\u7121\u5c07\u516c\u76ca\u7d0d\u5165\u8003\u91cf\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u6295\u8cc7\u722d\u7aef\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\u6848\u4ef6\u6578\u91cf\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u9019\u5957\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u554f\u984c\u6975\u5ea6\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u9ad4\u7cfb\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u634d\u885b\u8de8\u570b\u8ca1\u5718\u3001\u627c\u6bba\u6c23\u5019\u6e1b\u7de9\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c23\u5019\u7dca\u6025\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u7576\u521d\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u767e\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u83c1\u82f1\u6b32\u626d\u66f2\u7d93\u6fdf\u5206\u914d\u3001\u638f\u7a7a\u6c11\u4e3b\u5be6\u8e10\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u523b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7de9\u7684\u6c23\u5019\u6e1b\u7de9\u884c\u52d5\u540c\u6a23\u906d\u53d7\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u8005\u7684\u5c64\u5c64\u963b\u6493\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u70ba\u56e0\u61c9\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5c0d\u7b56\u7686\u9808\u5148\u904e\u300c\u4e0d\u64bc\u52d5\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u5206\u914d\u7d50\u69cb\u300d\u9019\u4e00\u95dc\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u75c5\u614b\u7684\u5206\u914d\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u689d\u8239\u4e0a\u300d\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u503c\u5f97\u5546\u69b7\uff1a\u57282015\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u9802\u5c640.1%\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u78b3\u6392\u662f\u5e95\u7aef50%\u4eba\u5747\u78b3\u6392\u7684314\u500d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5206\u914d\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e0b\u7684\u9802\u5c64\u7cbe\u82f1\u975e\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u665a\u906d\u53d7\u6c23\u5019\u707d\u96e3\u885d\u64ca\u4e14\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u8f15\u5fae\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3b\u5bb0\u5168\u7403\u6c23\u5019\u80fd\u6e90\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u3002\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u4e26\u975e\u7d14\u79d1\u5b78\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6c23\u5019\u6e1b\u7de9\u4e5f\u7d55\u975e\u7d14\u6280\u8853\u554f\u984c\u3002\u6709\u6548\u6c23\u5019\u6e1b\u7de9\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u5f9e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5927\u5922\u4e2d\u89ba\u9192\uff0c\u6539\u8b8a\u88ab\u52d5\u63a5\u53d7\u300c\u5c08\u5bb6\u300d\u64fa\u4f48\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\uff0c\u4e3b\u52d5\u5c07\u653f\u5e9c\u89d2\u8272\u5f9e\u300c\u70ba1%\u670d\u52d9\u300d\u5fa9\u539f\u70ba\u300c\u70ba99%\u670d\u52d9\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

(\u8a3b\u4e00)\u8a72\u66f8\u88ab\u62cd\u6210\u540c\u540d\u7d00\u9304\u7247\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u4f5c\u300a\u5168\u9762\u4ea4\u6613\u300b\u3002
\n(\u8a3b\u4e8c)\u7f8e\u570b\u62dc\u767b\u7e3d\u7d712021\u5e744\u670828\u65e5\u5c0d\u570b\u6703\u6f14\u8aaa\u3002
\n(\u8a3b\u4e09)Energy Charter Treaty (ECT).
\n(\u8a3b\u56db)Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).
\n(\u8a3b\u4e94)Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP).
\n(\u8a3b\u516d)Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP).
\n(\u8a3b\u4e03)Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS)\u6216Investor Court System (ICS).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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