{"id":23586,"date":"2020-12-03T00:03:23","date_gmt":"2020-12-02T16:03:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=23586"},"modified":"2021-07-19T15:28:05","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T07:28:05","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e5%87%ba%e7%8f%be%e9%a6%96%e4%bd%8d%e4%ba%9e%e9%9d%9e%e8%a3%94%e5%a5%b3%e6%80%a7%e5%89%af%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%b1%ef%bc%81%e5%9c%a8%e5%a6%a5%e5%8d%94%e8%88%87%e5%8f%8d%e6%8a%97%e4%b9%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/23586\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u570b\u51fa\u73fe\u9996\u4f4d\u4e9e\u975e\u88d4\u5973\u6027\u526f\u7e3d\u7d71\uff01\u5728\u59a5\u5354\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u6297\u722d\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u7684\u59a5\u5354\u4e0d\u662f\u59a5\u5354\uff01\u7a2e\u65cf\u56f0\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

2020 \u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u5927\u9078\u6253\u5f97\u81a0\u8457\u6fc0\u70c8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u6e96\u5099\u597d\u555f\u52d5\u4ea4\u63a5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u82e5\u62dc\u767b\u9806\u5229\u5165\u4e3b\u767d\u5bae\uff0c\u8cc0\u9326\u9e97\u5c07\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e9e\u975e\u88d4\u5973\u6027\u526f\u7e3d\u7d71\uff01\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u6b50\u7f8e\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u9ec3\u6587\u9f61\u526f\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u662f\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\uff0c\u5979\u5f9e\u6027\u5225\u89d2\u5ea6\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u6316\u6398 1920-50 \u5e74\u4ee3\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u8655\u7a2e\u65cf\u3001\u6027\u5225\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u56f0\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u64fa\u76ea\u5728\u59a5\u5354\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u8207\u9ad4\u5236\u640f\u9b25\u7684\u6b0a\u5b9c\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u819a\u8272\uff0b\u6027\u5225\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u6311\u6230<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u300c\u5728\u8655\u7406\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u548c\u6b67\u8996\u554f\u984c\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u6709\u8010\u5fc3\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7a2e\u65cf\u77db\u76fe\u7121\u6cd5\u5168\u9762\u89e3\u6c7a\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u7070\u5fc3\u55aa\u6c23\u548c\u653e\u68c4\u3002\u300d\u7f8e\u570b\u524d\u7e3d\u7d71\u6b50\u5df4\u99ac\u66fe\u9019\u9ebc\u8aaa\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

2008 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u9996\u4efb\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u7e3d\u7d71\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u570b\u5167\u7a2e\u65cf\u885d\u7a81\u4e26\u672a\u6e1b\u5c11\u30022020 \u5e74\u521d\u7684\u300c\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u300d\uff08George Perry Floyd Jr.\uff09\u66f4\u8b93\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u4e5f\u662f\u547d\u300d \u904b\u52d5\uff08Black Lives Matter, BLM\uff09\u518d\u6b21\u5ef6\u71d2\u3002<\/p>\n

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1896 \u5e74\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u300c\u666e\u840a\u897f\u63a7\u8a34\u4f5b\u683c\u68ee\u6848\u300d\uff08Pless v. Ferguson\uff09\u4e2d\u5224\u6c7a\uff0c\u300c\u9694\u96e2\u4f46\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u9055\u80cc\u300a\u7f8e\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u689d\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5f8c\uff0c\u78ba\u7acb\u7a2e\u65cf\u9694\u96e2\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u3002\u5716\u70ba\u88ab\u6a19\u4e0a\u300ccolored\u300d\u4f9b\u9ed1\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u98f2\u6c34\u6a5f\u3002
\u5716\u2502the United States Library<\/p><\/div>\n

\u5728 1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\u99ac\u4e01\u2027\u91d1\u6069\uff08Martin Luther King, Jr.\uff09\u6253\u51fa\u97ff\u4eae\u7684\u4e00\u6230\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u6c11\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u5df2\u8d70\u904e\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u52aa\u529b\u885d\u649e\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u5404\u7a2e\u58d3\u8feb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u7f3a\u5e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5979\u5011\u900f\u904e\u5404\u7a2e\u6c11\u9593\u793e\u5718\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5982\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u5168\u570b\u806f\u76df\u300d (National Association of Colored Women\u2019s Clubs)\u3001\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u5168\u570b\u806f\u5408\u6703\u300d(National Council of Negro Women)\u3001\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u7814\u7fd2\u5354\u6703\u300d(Association for the Study of Negro Life and History) \u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u7537\u6027\u7684\u591a\u5143\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u7a2e\u65cf\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

1920-50 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u6295\u5165\u722d\u53d6\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b0a\u76ca\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4e00\u4f75\u63d0\u6607\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u6539\u5584\u7a2e\u65cf\u8207\u6027\u5225\u5f31\u52e2\u8655\u5883\u3002\u746a\u8389\u2027\u8c9d\u8212 \uff08Mary McLeod Bethune,1875-1955\uff09\u3001\u746a\u8389\u2027\u6cf0\u745e\u723e \uff08Mary Church Terrell,1863-1954\uff09\u4fbf\u662f\u5169\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"

\u9ec3\u6587\u9f61\u7279\u5225\u722c\u68b3 1920-50 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u904e\u5f80\u5b78\u8005\u504f\u91cd\u7684\u9ad8\u885d\u7a81\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u6216\u8e8d\u5728\u6df5\u2014\u2014\u7a2e\u65cf\u56f0\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\uff0c1920\u20131950\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u504f\u91cd\u5256\u6790\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u59a5\u5354\u8207\u53cd\u6297\u5169\u6975\u4e4b\u9593\u8fc2\u8ff4\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u8b39\u614e\u638c\u63e1\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u52d9\u5be6\u5730\u7d2f\u7a4d\u80fd\u91cf\u3001\u9054\u6210\u76ee\u6a19\u3002
\u5716\u2502\u7814\u4e4b\u6709\u7269\uff08\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

\u8d85\u524d\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u746a\u8389\u2027\u8c9d\u8212<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u5a66\u5973\u904b\u52d5\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u722d\u53d6\u5973\u6027\u6295\u7968\u6b0a\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u746a\u8389\u2027\u8c9d\u8212\u5df2\u4e3b\u5f35\u4e16\u754c\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u7a2e\u5fc5\u9808\u5f7c\u6b64\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u9f13\u52f5\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u7a4d\u6975\u53c3\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u746a\u8389\u2027\u8c9d\u8212\u5728 1875 \u5e74\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u5979\u5f9e\u5c0f\u5c31\u5c0d\u6559\u80b2\u5f88\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4e0b\u8ab2\u5f8c\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u5bb6\u64d4\u4efb\u5c0f\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u8b1b\u8ab2\u7d66\u5931\u5b78\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u59ca\u59b9\u548c\u9130\u5c45\u807d\u30021904 \u5e74\uff0c30 \u6b72\u7684\u8c9d\u8212\u5728\u4f5b\u7f85\u91cc\u9054\u5dde\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u5fb7\u901a\u7d0d\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u5b50\u8a9e\u6587\u8207\u8077\u696d\u8a13\u7df4\u5b78\u6821\u300d\uff08Daytina Literary and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls\uff09\u3002\u7576\u6642\u9019\u88e1\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53ea\u6709\u767d\u4eba\u80fd\u4e0a\u5b78\uff0c\u8b93\u8c9d\u8212\u6c7a\u5b9a\u70ba\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u5b69\u8fa6\u6821\uff0c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u53ea\u6709\u4e94\u540d\u5c0f\u5973\u5b69\u548c\u5979\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f8c\u4f86\uff0c\u5b78\u6821\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u9084\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u722d\u53d6\u5230\u767d\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u8d0a\u52a9\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u7576\u5730\u7b2c\u4e00\u6240\u56db\u5e74\u5236\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u5b78\u6821\u3002\u5728\u8de8\u7a2e\u65cf\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u77ed\u77ed\u5341\u5e7e\u5e74\u9593\u57f9\u990a\u4e86\u7121\u6578\u9ed1\u4eba\u5b8c\u6210\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5c0d\u8c9d\u8212\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9ed1\u4eba\u4e0d\u5982\u767d\u4eba\u3001\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u4e0d\u5982\u767d\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u70ba\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u6027\u722d\u53d6\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u53d7\u6559\u6b0a\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u8ffd\u6c42\u7a2e\u65cf\u8207\u6027\u5225\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"

\u746a\u8389\u2027\u8c9d\u8212\u548c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u5979\u5168\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u9ed1\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u6539\u5584\u9ed1\u4eba\u5973\u5b69\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u7a81\u7834\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6027\u5225\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u96d9\u91cd\u56f0\u5883\u3002
\u5716\u2502Wiki<\/p><\/div>\n

\u8c9d\u8212\u6df1\u77e5\uff0c\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6839\u690d\u65bc\u793e\u6703\u5236\u5ea6\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6191\u500b\u5225\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u512a\u79c0\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u626d\u8f49\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5c0d\u300c\u9ed1\u76ae\u819a\u300d\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u58d3\u8feb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5979\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u9ad4\u5236\u5167\u589e\u52a0\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u8de8\u7a2e\u65cf\u5408\u4f5c\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u900f\u904e\u6b77\u53f2\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u7a4d\u6975\u6311\u6230\u4e3b\u6d41\u767d\u4eba\u512a\u8d8a\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u91cd\u5efa\u9ed1\u4eba\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u6b77\u53f2\u3001\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u8207\u69ae\u8000\u3002<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u722d\u53d6\u52df\u6b3e\uff0c\u8c9d\u8212\u56db\u8655\u6f14\u8b1b\u5ba3\u63da\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u9080\u8acb\u767d\u4eba\u5230\u6821\u53c3\u89c0\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u628a\u6240\u6709\u6b3e\u9805\u4e00\u7b46\u7b46\u6e05\u695a\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u7b26\u5408\u4e3b\u6d41\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u6e05\u5ec9\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e2\u5b89\u6392\u6280\u8077\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u8d0a\u52a9\u8005\u5c0d\u9ed1\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1b\u4f46\u8c9d\u8212\u4e5f\u5805\u6301\u7d0d\u5165\u901a\u8b58\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u8b93\u9ed1\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u767d\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u7e3d\u7d71\uff08Franklin Roosevelt\uff09\u4efb\u5167\uff0c\u8c9d\u8212\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u300c\u65b0\u653f\u300d\uff08New Deal\uff09\u4e2d\u8207\u7a2e\u65cf\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u7684\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u8209\u85a6\u9ed1\u4eba\u9032\u5165\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u9580\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5be6\u969b\u53c3\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u7d93\u5e38\u51fa\u570b\uff0c\u5979\u53c8\u767c\u73fe\u6b50\u6d32\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7a2e\u65cf\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6975\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u8de8\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c07\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5167\u7a2e\u65cf\u8b70\u984c\u8207\u570b\u969b\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u7a2e\u8ca7\u7aae\u3001\u5f31\u52e2\u8b70\u984c\u63a5\u8ecc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4fdd\u5b88\u8207\u6fc0\u9032\u5169\u7aef\uff0c\u8c9d\u8212\u6253\u51fa\u4e00\u624b\u52d9\u5be6\u800c\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u724c\u3002\u300c\u8b80\u5230\u5979\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6703\u975e\u5e38\u9707\u64bc\uff0c\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u3001\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u773c\u754c\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u771f\u7684\u662f\u8d85\u524d\u90e8\u7f72\uff01\u300d\u9ec3\u6587\u9f61\u8aaa\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6b32\u700f\u89bd\u5b8c\u6574\u7cbe\u91c7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8acb\u81f3\u7814\u4e4b\u6709\u7269\u5b98\u7db2\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

https:\/research.sinica.edu.tw\/black-women-race-america-wen-ling-huang\/<\/em><\/a><\/h2>\n

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