{"id":23108,"date":"2020-10-08T00:03:29","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T16:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=23108"},"modified":"2021-08-26T08:51:37","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T00:51:37","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e9%81%87%e8%a6%8b%e6%95%8f%e6%84%9f%e5%95%8f%e9%a1%8c%e8%bd%89%e5%80%8b%e5%bd%8e%e9%96%93%e6%8e%a5%e8%a9%a2%e5%95%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/23108\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u9047\u898b\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\u8f49\u500b\u5f4e\u9593\u63a5\u8a62\u554f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u4f55\u8b02\u300c\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\u300d?\u8209\u51e1\u6709\u95dc\u6536\u5165\u3001\u6295\u7968\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u6027\u50be\u5411\u3001\u4e00\u591c\u60c5\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u975e\u6cd5\u85e5\u7269(\u6bd2\u54c1)\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u6d89\u53ca\u500b\u4eba\u96b1\u79c1\u3001\u6216\u662f\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u793e\u6703\u50b3\u7d71\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u6709\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\u300d\u3002\u800c\u70ba\u4e86\u767c\u6398\u4eba\u985e\u884c\u70ba\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4eba\u6216\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u8c61\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6c11\u610f\u62bd\u6a23\u8abf\u67e5\u4ecd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u62bd\u6a23\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d50\u69cb\u8f03\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u6a23\u672c\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u6027\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6bcd\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u88ab\u62bd\u53d6\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u62bd\u53d6\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u662f\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u80fd\u63a8\u8ad6\u6574\u500b\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u984c\u6240\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3001\u614b\u5ea6\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u9019\u985e\u8abf\u67e5\u8cc7\u6599\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u4f9d\u64da\u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u7684\u8207\u9a57\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u5047\u8a2d\u6240\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u554f\u5377\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u554f\u5377\u8a62\u554f\u4eba\u5011\u95dc\u65bc\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u610f\u898b\u3001\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u7279\u5fb5\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5206\u985e\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u6216\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u300c\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u80fd\u63a2\u7a76\u771f\u5be6\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u7d50\u679c\u76f8\u7576\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4eba\u5011\u5982\u679c\u89ba\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u72c0\u6cc1\u662f\u516c\u773e\u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u6578\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u5bb3\u6015\u88ab\u5b64\u7acb\u6216\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u96b1\u85cf\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u62d2\u7d55\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6703\u8da8\u5411\u56de\u7b54\u7b26\u5408\u793e\u6703\u671f\u8a31\u7684\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8490\u96c6\u5230\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5c07\u56b4\u91cd\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u7d42\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee52017\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u6703\u8b8a\u9077\u57fa\u672c\u8abf\u67e5\u4e2d\u7db2\u7d61\u8207\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\u7d44\u7684\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\u6295\u7968\u884c\u70ba\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u554f\u5377\u984c\u76ee\u70ba\u201cF1.\u6c11\u570b105\u5e74(\u897f\u51432016)\u5e741\u6708\u7684\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\uff0c\u8acb\u554f\u60a8\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u53bb\u6295\u7968?\u6295\u7d66\u8ab0?\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u8abf\u67e5\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\u6295\u7968\u7387\u70ba77.38%\uff0c\u9ad8\u65bc\u4e2d\u9078\u6703\u516c\u4f48\u7684\u6295\u7968\u738766.27%\uff0c\u5dee\u8ddd\u670911.11%\u3002\u5728\u4f30\u8a08\u4e4b\u5404\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u7686\u4f4e\u65bc\u4e2d\u9078\u6703\u516c\u4f48\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u548c\u9673\u5efa\u4ec1\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u70ba50.36%\uff0c\u4f4e\u65bc\u4e2d\u9078\u6703\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u738756.12%\uff0c\u5dee\u8ddd\u70ba5.76%\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u670920.13%\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u8868\u793a\u6709\u53bb\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8abf\u67e5\u4e2d\u62d2\u7d55\u56de\u7b54\u6295\u7968\u5c0d\u8c61\u6216\u5df2\u7d93\u5fd8\u8a18\u6295\u7d66\u8ab0\uff0c\u9019\u5c6c\u65bc\u6709\u6548\u7968\u6578\u7684\u7121\u53cd\u61c9\u56de\u8986\uff0c\u662f\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u56e0\u82e5\u522a\u9664\u6b64\u985e\u7121\u53cd\u61c9\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u6703\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u6709\u9ad8\u4f30\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u4e14\u7121\u53cd\u61c9\u6bd4\u7387\u9ad8\u65bc\u554f\u5377\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u9019\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6c11\u773e\u4e0d\u592a\u9858\u610f\u56de\u7b54\u95dc\u65bc\u6295\u7968\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6b64\u8abf\u67e5\u9996\u6b21\u5617\u8a66\u4ee5Greenberg et al. (1969)\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u96a8\u6a5f\u4f5c\u7b54\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u8a62\u554f\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u662f\u5426\u6709\u64da\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\u6295\u7968\u7684\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b:
\n\u201cF27.\u8acb\u60a8\u5148\u62bd\u4e00\u5f35\uf969\u5b57\u5361\u7247\uff0c\u4f46\u8acb\uf967\u8981\uf96f\u51fa\u60a8\u62bd\u5230\u7684\uf969\u5b57\uff0c\u8a18\u5728\u5fc3\uf9e8\u5c31\u597d\u3002\u8acb\u4f9d\u64da\u60a8\u62bd\u5230\u7684\uf969\u5b57\u9078\u64c7\u984c\u76eeA\u6216\u984c\u76eeB\u3002
\n\u62bd\u5230\uf969\u5b571, 2 \u8005\uff08\u8acb\u56de\u7b54\u984c\u76eeA\uff09\uff1a\u6211\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u8b49\u5b57\u865f\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u78bc\u70ba0\u30011 \u62162\u3002
\n\u62bd\u5230\uf969\u5b57 3\uff0c4\uff0c5 \u8005\uff08\u8acb\u56de\u7b54\u984c\u76eeB\uff09\uff1a\u6211\u6709\u64da\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\u300c\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\u6295\u7968\u300d\u7684\u984c\u76ee\u3002
\n\u8acb\uf967\u8981\uf96f\u51fa\u60a8\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u60a8\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u70ba\u300c\u662f\u300d\u6216\u300c\uf967\u662f\u300d?\u201d
\n\u6b64\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u50c5\u80fd\u505a\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u63a8\u4f30\uff0c\u4e26\u7121\u6cd5\u77e5\u9053\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u300c\u662f\u300d\u6216\u300c\uf967\u662f\u300d\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u65bc\u984c\u76eeA\u6216B\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u3002\u5176\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u6709\u8fd120%\u7684\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u672a\u8aa0\u5be6\u4ee5\u544a\u6216\u62d2\u7d55\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u9019\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u7e3d\u7d71\u9078\u8209\u6295\u7968\u984c\u76ee\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8a62\u554f(\u984c\u76eeF1)\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8490\u96c6\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u4f30\u8a08\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u3001\u6295\u7968\u7387\u6703\u6709\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u91dd\u5c0d\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u62d2\u7d55\u56de\u7b54\u6216\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u6e2c\u91cf\u8aa4\u5dee\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u8490\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5\u70ba\u8a66\u5716\u9650\u5236\u8a2a\u554f\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u548c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63a1\u7528\u81ea\u6211\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u554f\u5377\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u8f14\u52a9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8a2a\u8ac7\u3001\u6216\u7db2\u7d61\u8abf\u67e5\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u96d6\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6a5f\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8a62\u554f\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u4eba\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u8aaa\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u6240\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e0d\u826f\u3001\u8d8a\u8ecc\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c0d\u9810\u671f\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u904e\u591a\u5831\u5c0e\u3002
\n\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u9593\u63a5\u8a62\u554f\u6280\u8853(indirect questioning techniques, IQT)\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4ee5\u6700\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u533f\u540d\u6027\u4f86\u4fdd\u6301\u500b\u4eba\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u4fdd\u8b77\u8abf\u67e5\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u4e2d\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002IQT\u53ef\u4f7f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5c0d\u6bcd\u9ad4\u7684\u654f\u611f\u7279\u5fb5\u53c3\u6578\u6709\u826f\u597d\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u654f\u611f\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u6216\u654f\u611f\u5b9a\u91cf\u8b8a\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\/\u7e3d\u8a08\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86IQT\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5730\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u8a31\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u6240\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u81f4\u5217\u51fa\u70ba: \u96a8\u6a5f\u4f5c\u7b54\u6cd5(randomized response technique, RRT)\u3001\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u8a08\u6578\u6cd5(unmatched count technique, UCT)\u3001\u975e\u96a8\u6a5f\u4f5c\u7b54\u6cd5(nonrandomized response technique, NRRT)\u3002\u5118\u7ba1IQT\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f86\u9f13\u52f5\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e0d\u771f\u5be6\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u672a\u76f4\u63a5\u8a62\u554f\u654f\u611f\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u516c\u958b\u63ed\u9732\u662f\u5426\u78ba\u5be6\u5c6c\u65bc\u6b64\u7279\u5b9a\u654f\u611f\u7fa4\u9ad4\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u8b93\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u7372\u5f97\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u4e14\u9023\u8a2a\u54e1\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5c6c\u65bc\u654f\u611f\u7fa4\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n
IQT\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u662fRRT\uff0c\u4fc2\u7531Warner\u57281965\u5e74\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u5047\u8a2d\u653f\u5e9c\u60f3\u77ad\u89e3\u6bd2\u54c1(\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u3001\u6137\u4ed6\u547d\u3001\u5927\u9ebb\u3001\u6416\u982d\u4e38\u7b49)\u7684\u6feb\u7528\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6291\u963b\u6bd2\u54c1\u7684\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u5247Warner\u7684RRT\u5c31\u53ef\u8a2d\u8a08\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982:<\/p>\n
Q_1:\u8acb\u554f\u60a8\u904e\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u662f\u5426\u66fe\u7d93\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u6bd2\u54c1?
\nQ_2:\u8acb\u554f\u60a8\u904e\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u662f\u5426\u672a\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u6bd2\u54c1?<\/p>\n
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