{"id":22860,"date":"2020-08-27T00:03:51","date_gmt":"2020-08-26T16:03:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=22860"},"modified":"2021-08-26T08:54:41","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T00:54:41","slug":"%e3%80%90%e7%95%b6%e6%9c%9f%e5%b0%88%e6%ac%84%e3%80%91%e8%81%af%e5%90%88%e5%85%a7%e9%96%a3%e5%88%b6%e4%b8%8b%e9%81%b8%e6%b0%91%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e7%9f%a5%e8%ad%98%e5%88%9d%e6%8e%a2%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/22860\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5c08\u6b04\u3011\u806f\u5408\u5167\u95a3\u5236\u4e0b\u9078\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\u521d\u63a2\uff1a\u4ee5\u653f\u9ee8\u5e2d\u6b21\u70ba\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9078\u6c11\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5176\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u614b\u5ea6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u64da\u3002\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u904b\u4f5c\u76f8\u5c0d\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\u66f4\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u9078\u6c11\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u8a55\u4f30\u653f\u9ee8\u6216\u8005\u5019\u9078\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u843d\u5be6\u9078\u8209\u8ab2\u8cac\uff08electoral accountability\uff09\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u653f\u9ee8\u5728\u8b70\u6703\u5167\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u5e2d\u6b21\u6bd4\u4f8b\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u516b\u500b\u897f\u6b50\u8b70\u6703\u5167\u95a3\u5236\u570b\u5bb6\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u4e26\u521d\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u653f\u9ee8\u8b70\u6703\u5e2d\u6b21\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u8b70\u6703\u5167\u95a3\u5236\uff08parliamentary systems\uff09\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\uff08\u884c\u653f\u6a5f\u95dc\uff09\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u8b70\u6703\uff08\u7acb\u6cd5\u6a5f\u95dc\uff09\u591a\u6578\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63a8\u884c\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u55ae\u4e00\u653f\u9ee8\u53d6\u5f97\u8b70\u6703\u591a\u6578\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u7531\u5169\u500b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u653f\u9ee8\u4f86\u5171\u540c\u7d44\u6210\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\uff08coalition government\uff0c\u6216\u7a31\u806f\u5408\u5167\u95a3\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u5728\u9078\u8209\u5236\u5ea6\u63a1\u7528\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\uff08proportional representation\uff09\u7684\u8b70\u6703\u5167\u95a3\u5236\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5341\u5206\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u55ae\u4e00\u653f\u9ee8\u653f\u5e9c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u660e\u986f\u8f03\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u8207\u8cac\u4efb\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u653f\u9ee8\u80fd\u5920\u52a0\u5165\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u653f\u9ee8\u8a72\u8ca0\u8cac\u54ea\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u8d70\u5411\u7b49\u8b70\u984c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u773e\u591a\u653f\u9ee8\u4e0d\u65b7\u8a0e\u50f9\u9084\u50f9\u5f8c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5f9e\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u9078\u6c11\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u6c7a\u7b56\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u7406\u89e3\u806f\u5408\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0b\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u843d\u5be6\u9078\u8209\u8ab2\u8cac\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5236\u5ea6\u904b\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u8005\u62b1\u6301\u8457\u76f8\u5c0d\u60b2\u89c0\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u822c\u9078\u6c11\u7121\u6cd5\u8655\u7406\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u91cf\u8207\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96e3\u5c0d\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u904b\u4f5c\u7522\u751f\u5145\u5206\u5730\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u66f4\u9051\u8ad6\u9078\u6c11\u5177\u5099\u5145\u8db3\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08e.g., Downs 1957; Powell and Whitten 1993\uff09\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u8005\u537b\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u5167\u95a3\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u9078\u6c11\u80fd\u5920\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u7684\u904b\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u653f\u9ee8\u5728\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u8b70\u6703\u5e2d\u6b21\u7684\u591a\u5be1\u3001\u6216\u8005\u662f\u653f\u9ee8\u4e4b\u9593\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f86\u5f62\u5851\u5176\u5c0d\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u6b64\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u904b\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u653f\u9ee8\u5e2d\u6b21\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u73fe\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5c31\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9078\u6c11\u80fd\u5920\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u500b\u653f\u9ee8\u5728\u8b70\u6703\u5167\u90e8\u5e2d\u6b21\u7684\u591a\u5be1\uff0c\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u8a72\u653f\u9ee8\u5728\u806f\u5408\u5167\u95a3\u7d44\u6210\u6642\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u591a\u5c11\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u5167\u95a3\u90e8\u9577\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff08ministerial portfolios\uff09 \uff08Lin et al. 2017\uff09\u3001\u6216\u662f\u5229\u7528\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u5167\u653f\u9ee8\u9593\u5e2d\u6b21\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u8a72\u806f\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u672a\u4f86\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u843d\u9ede\uff08Bowler, Gschwend, and Indridason 2020\uff09\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5229\u7528\u653f\u9ee8\u7684\u8b70\u6703\u5e2d\u6b21\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u653f\u6cbb\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u5206\u914d\uff08Fortunato et al. Forthcoming\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u770b\u4f3c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u754c\u4ecd\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u91dd\u5c0d\u806f\u5408\u5167\u95a3\u5236\u4e0b\u9078\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u8abf\u67e5\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\u9078\u6c11\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5099\u9019\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u8b58\uff1f\u9078\u6c11\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u6e05\u695a\u5224\u5225\u653f\u9ee8\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5e2d\u6b21\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6e05\u695a\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u500b\u653f\u9ee8\u5728\u8b70\u6703\u4e2d\u6240\u6301\u6709\u7684\u5e2d\u6b21\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff1f<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.Bowler, Shaun, Thomas Gschwend, and Indridi H. Indridason. 2020. \u201cCoalition Policy Perceptions.\u201d The Journal of Politics<\/em>. Online First. DOI: doi.org\/10.1086\/708629.
\n2.Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy<\/em>. New York: Harper.
\n3.Fortunato, David, Nick Lin, Randolph Stevenson, and Mathias Tromborg. Forthcoming. \u201cAttributing Policy Influence under Coalition Governance.\u201d American Political Science Review<\/em>.
\n4.Lin, Nick, Randolph Stevenson, Mathias Tromborg and David Fortunato. 2017. \u201cGamson’s Law and Voters’ Perceptions of Portfolio Allocation.\u201d European Journal of Political Research<\/em> 56(4): 912-940.
\n5.Powell, G. Bingham, and Guy D. Whitten. 1993. \u201cA Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting: Taking Account of the Political Context.\u201d American Journal of Political Science<\/em> 37(2): 391-414.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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