{"id":14190,"date":"2018-08-02T00:00:40","date_gmt":"2018-08-01T16:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=14190"},"modified":"2021-08-12T15:05:16","modified_gmt":"2021-08-12T07:05:16","slug":"%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e8%83%bd%e8%a8%88%e7%ae%97%e8%97%a5%e7%89%a9%e8%a8%ad%e8%a8%88%ef%bc%9a%e6%9b%b4%e7%b2%be%e6%ba%96%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e8%97%a5%e9%96%8b%e7%99%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/newsletter.sinica.edu.tw\/14190\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u8a08\u7b97\u85e5\u7269\u8a2d\u8a08\uff1a\u66f4\u7cbe\u6e96\u7684\u65b0\u85e5\u958b\u767c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300c\u85e5\u7269\u8a2d\u8a08\u300d\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/h1>\n

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\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\u2502iStock<\/p><\/div>\n

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\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d50\u69cb\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab (Protein Data Bank<\/a>) \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5229\u7528 X-ray \u7d50\u6676\u5b78\u3001\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u5b78\u3001\u4f4e\u6eab\u96fb\u5b50\u986f\u5fae\u8853\u6240\u6c7a\u5b9a\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u9ad8\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4f46\u8a72\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u88e1\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u5be6\u8cea\u4e0a\u4ecd\u53ea\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5206\u5b50\u88e1\u9762\u6bcf\u500b\u539f\u5b50\u7684 X, Y, Z \u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u771f\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u90a3\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u822c\u5be6\u9a57\u689d\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u9700\u8981\u6709\u7d50\u69cb\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d50\u69cb\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\u300c\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u300d\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u514b\u91cc\u514b (Francis Crick, 1916~2004) \u6709\u4e00\u53e5\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u300c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u69cb\u300d\u3002\u9019\u908a\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\n\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\u2502
Wikipedia<\/a>\u00a0\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u2502\u3008\u6311\u6230\u795e\u5947\u5b50\u5f48\u2014\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u8a08\u7b97\u8207\u85e5\u7269\u8a2d\u8a08\u3009\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6797\u69ae\u4fe1<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u524d\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff1f<\/b><\/h2>\n
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\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u958b\u767c\u5929\u7136\u7269 (Natural product<\/a>) \u88fd\u6210\u73fe\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u904e\u5f80\u8981\u5f9e\u53e4\u7c4d\u6216\u6587\u737b\u53bb\u770b\u67d0\u7a2e\u8349\u85e5\u6216\u8907\u65b9\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u8403\u53d6\u3001\u7d14\u5316\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u8981\u518d\u900f\u904e\u751f\u5316\u5be6\u9a57\u6e2c\u8a66\u5176\u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u6e2c\u8a66\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u63a8\u6e2c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u5e7e\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u8a08\u7b97\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7cfb\u7d71\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5efa\u69cb\u6210\u00a0idTarget\u00a0<\/a>\u300c\u85e5\u7269\u6a19\u9776\u9810\u6e2c\u5e73\u53f0\u300d\uff0c\u958b\u653e\u7d66\u5927\u5bb6\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u63a2\u7d22\u85e5\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u6a19\u9776\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u591a\u591a\u91cd\u8996\u3001\u904b\u7528\u7d50\u69cb\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7d50\u69cb\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u8a08\u7b97<\/a>\uff0c\u5148\u627e\u51fa\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u90a3\u4e9b\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u8f03\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u5011\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u53cd\u61c9\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u3001\u6216\u591a\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u4f86\u9810\u6e2c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u790e\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6700\u8fd1\u4e5f\u904b\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2<\/a>\uff0c\u4f86\u958b\u767c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u8a08\u7b97\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n\u6797\u69ae\u4fe1\u5718\u968a\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u85e5\u7269\u6a19\u9776\u9810\u6e2c\u5e73\u53f0\u300d idTarget \uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e0a\u50b3\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u5716\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u9810\u6e2c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab (Protein Data Bank) \u5176\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u6a19\u9776\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5206\u5b50\u3002
\n\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u2502
idTarget<\/a><\/p>\n

\u6211\u5011\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u9ede\uff0c\u662f\u5c07\u50b3\u7d71\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u85e5\u6750\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u518d\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u91ab\u85e5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u672c\u8349\u7db1\u76ee\u8a18\u8f09\u300c\u5929\u9ebb<\/a>\u300d\u5177\u6709\u5b89\u795e\u8207\u93ae\u5b9a\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u8077\u4e2d\u570b\u91ab\u85e5\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6797\u96f2\u84ee<\/a>\u6559\u6388\u5718\u968a\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5929\u9ebb\u4e2d\u6709\u500b\u53eb\u4f5c T1-11 \u7684\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u8207\u904e\u53bb\u8f03\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u5929\u9ebb\u7d20\u6709\u5f88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u751f\u7269\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u9673\u5100\u838a<\/a>\u535a\u58eb\u5718\u968a\u5247\u767c\u73fe\uff0c T1-11 \u5206\u5b50\u80fd\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u4ea8\u4e01\u9813\u821e\u8e48\u75c7\u3002\u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u900f\u904e\u96fb\u8166\u8a2d\u8a08\u9069\u5408\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u53f0\u5927\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u4fca\u6c11<\/a>\u6559\u6388\u5718\u968a\u5c07\u85e5\u7269\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u85e5\u958b\u767c\u7684\u8de8\u9818\u57df\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u60a8\u4ee5\u524d\u8b80\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u6703\u8de8\u9818\u57df\u81f3\u85e5\u7269\u8a2d\u8a08\uff1f<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u85e5\u7269\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u67d0\u5929\u9748\u6a5f\u4e00\u52d5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u6f38\u6f38\u5730\u671d\u9019\u65b9\u5411\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8b80\u53f0\u5927\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u6642\uff0c\u67d0\u6b21\u5c0e\u751f\u805a\u6703\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u7684\u5c0e\u5e2b\u9673\u6c38\u82b3<\/a>\u6559\u6388\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c21 \u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7269\u7406\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406<\/a>\u00a0(Biophysics) \u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u6b21\u4ee5\u5f8c\u6211\u5fc3\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u65e5\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u300c\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u300d\u6703\u662f\u500b\u4e0d\u932f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f8c\u4f86\uff0c\u5927\u4e09\u6642\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\u7d71\u8a08\u529b\u5b78<\/a>\u00a0(Statistical mechanics) \u662f\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u9580\u5b78\u554f\u95dc\u6ce8\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7269\u7406\u662f\u95dc\u6ce8\u6bd4\u8f03\u55ae\u4e00\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u539f\u5b50\u947d\u9032\u53bb\u6709\u5938\u514b\uff1b\u4f46\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u662f\u53bb\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406\u5f88\u5927\u3001\u5f88\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u6211\u7814\u7a76\u85e5\u7269\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u85e5\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u5982\u4f55\u7522\u751f\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u518d\u5f80\u524d\u4e00\u9ede\u56de\u9867\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5efa\u4e2d\u6642\u5f88\u5e78\u904b\u5730\u5f97\u4ee5\u53c3\u52a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c46\u7684\u300c\u5317\u5340\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7406\u5316\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u5c31\u512a\u7570\u5b78\u751f\u8f14\u5c0e\u5be6\u9a57\u8a08\u756b<\/a>\u300d\uff0c\u6bcf\u5169\u500b\u79ae\u62dc\u7684\u9031\u672b\uff0c\u8981\u5f9e\u53f0\u5317\u5750\u8eca\u53bb\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u53d7\u8a13\u4e00\u6574\u5929\u3002\u7576\u6642\u7531\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u3001\u5316\u5b78\u7cfb\u7684\u5404\u516d\u4f4d\u8001\u5e2b(\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u674e\u6021\u56b4\u3001\u9673\u4fe1\u96c4\u3001\u738b\u5efa\u6c11\u3001\u53e4\u7165\u7403\u3001\u5289\u9060\u4e2d\u3001\u5f35\u662d\u9f0e\u3001\u5132\u4e09\u967d\u7b49\u6559\u6388)\uff0c\u6559\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u8ab2\u672c\u88e1\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u65e9\u63a5\u89f8\u9019\u4e9b\u5927\u5b78\u624d\u80fd\u5b78\u5230\u7684\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b78\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u80fd\u63d0\u65e9\u601d\u8003\u5c07\u4f86\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u9ad8\u4e2d\u9084\u6c92\u5206\u7cfb\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u7d81\u4f4f\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u9019\u7b97\u662f\u883b\u96e3\u5f97\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u7d93\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u90a3\u7a2e\u601d\u8003\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u771f\u7684\u5f9e\u4e8b\u300c\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u300d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u662f 1996 \u5e74\u5230\u5fb7\u570b\u4e8e\u5229\u5e0c\u7814\u7a76\u9662 (Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich) \u8b80\u535a\u58eb\u73ed\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u53f0\u5927\u7269\u7406\u78a9\u58eb\u73ed\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u662f\u8a08\u7b97\u7269\u7406<\/a>\u00a0(Computational physics)\uff1b\u5230\u4e86\u5fb7\u570b\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388 Artur Baumgaertner \u539f\u672c\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u7269\u7406<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7684\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684 Prof. Flory\uff0c\u4ed6\u90a3\u6642\u5df2\u7d93\u8de8\u8db3\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u505a\u4e86\u5341\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u554f\u6211\u5c0d\u751f\u7269\u7269\u7406\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff1f\u6211\u4e00\u807d\u4e5f\u89ba\u5f97\u4e0d\u932f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e00\u982d\u683d\u9032\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u6642\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u662f\u63a2\u8a0e\u50cf\u8702\u6bd2\u86cb\u767d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u591a\u80dc\u80bd\u5927\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7269\u7406\u6a5f\u5236\u7a7f\u904e\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5c4f\u853d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u570b\u7684\u4e8e\u5229\u5e0c\u7814\u7a76\u9662 (Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich) \u7684\u578b\u614b\u5f88\u50cf\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\uff0c\u7531\u4e09\u5341\u5e7e\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8d85\u904e 5000 \u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\uff0c\u5728\u5ee3\u5927\u7684\u6821\u5712\u5167\uff0c\u8d70\u5e7e\u6b65\u5c31\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u6240\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u8de8\u9818\u57df\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u5728\u7576\u6642\u6709\u5168\u6b50\u6d32\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8d85\u7d1a\u96fb\u8166\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0d\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u6211 2007 \u5e74\u56de\u53bb\u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u525b\u6dfb\u7f6e\u4e86 72 \u5ea7 IBM \u525b\u63a8\u51fa\u7684 Blue Gene P\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u8207\u540c\u4e8b\u5728\u9019\u65b0\u5efa\u7f6e\u7684\u6a5f\u623f\u7559\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n\u4e8e\u5229\u5e0c\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u8d85\u7d1a\u96fb\u8166\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002
\n\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90\u2502\u6797\u69ae\u4fe1\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

2000 \u5e74\u535a\u58eb\u7562\u696d\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u8056\u5730\u7259\u54e5\u5206\u6821\u7684\u970d\u83ef\u4f11\u65af\u91ab\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c2001 \u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6709\u5929\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u6388 J. Andrew McCammon \u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u90f5\u4ef6\u5230\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7fa4\u7d44\uff0c\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u6709\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u69cb\u60f3\uff0c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u958b\u767c\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f\u300d\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u5c31\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u80fd\u6709\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u7522\u696d\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u958b\u767c\u7684\u5c0f\u7d44\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

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