◆◇院區植物介紹專欄◇◆

  白千層與珊瑚莿桐

　  Discovering our campus plants

    植物研究所標本館　劉翠雅、趙淑妙

    白千層

    英文名：Paper-bark tree
    學名（Scientific Name）：Melaleuca leucadendron L.
    科名（Family）：桃金孃科Myrtaceae or Myrtle Family
    分布：原產澳洲。院區種植於行政大樓對面草皮四周，生命科學圖
          書館西側。
    形態特徵：常綠喬木，樹皮富木栓質，易片狀剝落。單葉互生，全
              緣，脈五出，橢圓披針形，4-8公分長，1-2公分寬；筒
              形穗狀花序頂生；花白色，花萼5片，早凋，花瓣5片，
              遠長於花萼；小蕊多數，伸出花瓣；蒴果短圓柱形，種
              子多數。

      本屬植物約100餘種，主要產於澳洲，但亦延伸到新幾內亞和其他
    馬列西亞植物地理區（含菲律賓，馬來西亞半島，蘇門答臘，爪哇，
    小聖代島，婆羅洲，新幾內亞，西利比斯）。常被引進作為森林栽
    植、行道樹、及防風樹種。本屬英文俗名是瓶刷子樹，因其筒形穗
    狀花序之故。

    Cajuput Tree and Coral Tree

    Tsui-Ya Liu, Shu-Miaw Chaw
    Herbarium, Institute of Botany
    Distribution: A native of Australia. Cultivated around
                  Administration Office south lawn and west
                  side of Life Science Library.
    Characteristics: Evergreen trees; bark flaky. Simple leaves
                     alternate, margin entire, 5-veined,
                     elliptical-lanceolate, 4-8 cm long, 1-2 cm
                     wide; inflorescences terminal, in cylindrical
                     spike, ca. 8-15 cm long; flowers white, sepals
                     5, deciduous, petals 5, much longer than sepals;
                     stamens numerous, long exerted; capsule cylindrical
                     with numerous seeds.

      This genus has over 100 species, primarily of Australia but
    extending to New Guinea and other parts of Malesia (including
    Philippines, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda
    Islands, Borneo, Celebes, New Guinea). In other region of the
    world the genus is often introduced and used in forestry plantings
    or as shade trees and windbreak trees. The common name of the
    genus is Bottlebrush.

    珊瑚莿桐

    英文名：Coral tree, Coral-bean tree
    學名（Scientific Name）：Erythrina corallodendron L.
    科名（Family）：豆科Fabaceae
    分布：原產北美洲。

　　區種植於胡適紀念館外道路旁。　　       珊瑚莿桐—總狀花序

    形態特徵：喬木。枝條及葉柄有刺，三出葉互生，全緣，小葉卵狀
              菱形，7-12公分長，5-8公分寬；總狀花序；花萼鐘形，
              暗紅色，花瓣深紅色，蝶形，旗瓣（最外層的花瓣）特
              別長，翼瓣特別短；雄蕊10枚，合生成兩束（9＋1）而
              為兩體雄蕊；莢果約10公分長。

      本屬植物約110多種，產於熱帶及暖溫帶地區。可能由鳥類授粉。
    台灣原生僅1種，引進栽培約9種。

    Distribution: A native of North America.  Cultivated along
                  the road beside Hu Shih Memorial Hall.
    Characteristics: Trees. Branches and petioles armed with
                     prickles, ternate leaves alternate, margin
                     entire, ovate-rhombus, 7-12 cm long, 5-8 cm
                     wide; inflorescences raceme, terminal；calyx
                     short tubular (or campanulate), deep red;
                     corolla red, papilionaceous, standard much
                     larger than wings and keel; stamens 10,
                     diadelphous (9 filaments connate and forming
                     a tube); legume ca. 10 cm long.

      This genus has about 110 species distributed throughout the
    tropics and warm temperate regions, probably all pollinated
    by birds. In Taiwan there is only a single native species
    and 9 introduced.

　　白千層—白色筒狀如瓶刷子的花序　　　白千層—易片狀剝落的樹皮